intonation 1A.ppt

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1、Intonation音调概述ByZengRong1Warmingupactivity(1)Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.(2)Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.(3)Passmethatbook,willyou?---Thankyou.(4)A:CanIhelpyou?B:No,thanks.(5)A:Mr.WhiteB:Yes?Examplesentences:2DefinitionofIntonation语调的定义Intonationisther

2、iseandfallofthepitchofthevoiceduringspeech.语调（intonation），即说话的腔调，就是一句话里声调（pitch）高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。3世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的，以英语为例，英语有五种基本语调：升调（↗）、的降调（↙）、的升降调（∧）、的降升调（∨）以及平调（→）。一句话除了词汇意义（lexicalmeaning）还有语调意义（intonationmeaning）。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义，而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示

3、的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子，语调不同，意思就会不同，有时甚至会相差千里。4Forexample：A：Jean，canyoubringmethenewspaper？B：Sorry？（↗）(“Ididn'thearyou．Couldyousaythatagain，please？”)A：Jean，canyoubringmethenewspaper？B：Sorry.（↘）(refuse.Ican’thelpyou)5Functionsofintonation

4、SemanticFunction语义功能Bythesemanticfunctionofintonationwemeanthatintonationmaydifferentiatethemeaningofanutterance.Generally,intonationhasfourfunctions:semanticfunction;attitudinalfunction;grammaticalfunction;accentualfunction6Example:---Hediedinanacci

5、dentlastnight.---What?---I’vegotagoldenwatchfrommygrandfather.---Really?7AttitudinalFunction表态功能Thetoneweusecantellpeoplealotaboutourfeeling,ourcircumstancesorsurroundings,transcendingthewordsweactuallyemploy;Itcanindicateourattitudetootherpeople,wh

6、etherwearebeingpolite,considerate,concerned,sympathetic,indifferent,etc.8ExamplesA:Wellit’scertainlycheap.B:Andtheservice…A:Verygood.B:Iparticularlylikethatsoup.A:Oh.9MmmmmToShow:enthusiasmboredomuncertaintyanger10HelivesinBeijing.YoucomefromBeijing.

7、MysonwhostudiesinBeijingwishestobecomeateacher.GrammaticalFunction语法功能Intonationiscloselyrelatedtogrammarorapartofgrammar,inmuchthesamewayaspunctuationisinthewrittenlanguage.Examplesentences:11AccentualFunction重音功能Intonationhelpstoproducetheeffecto

8、fprominenceonsyllablesthatneedtobeperceivedasstressed,andinparticulartheplacingoftonicstressonaparticularsyllablemarksoutthewordtowhichitbelongsasthemostimportantinthetone-unit.12Tombrokethewindow.Healsotranslatedtheannouncement.Ilikesomecheese,pleas