儿科学考试名解(包含英文)+大题缩印版.doc

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1、..儿科英文名解.下载可编辑...ClassificationofNeonate（新生儿分类）Fullterminfant（足月儿）:Neonatewhosegestationalage(GA)isbetween37weeksand42weeksPreterminfant(早产儿):NeonatewhoseGAislessthan37weeksPost-terminfant（过期儿）:NeonatewhoseGAismorethan42weeksLowbirthweightneonate(LBW)（低出生体重儿）:NeonatewhoseBWislessthan2

2、500gVerylowbirthweightneonate(VLBW)（极低出生体重儿）:NeonatewhoseBWislessthan1500gNormalbirthweightneonate（正常体重儿）:NeonatewhoseBWisbetween2500gand4000gMacrosomianeonate（巨大儿）:NeonatewhoseBWisover4000gSmallforgestationalage(SGA)（小于胎龄儿）:InfantswhoseBWareunderP10ofthesameGAinfants’BWAppropriateges

3、tationalage(AGA)（适于体重儿）:InfantswhoseBWarerangingfromP10toP90ofthesameGAinfants’BWLargegestationalage(LGA)（大于胎龄儿）:InfantswhoseBWareaboveP90ofthesameGAinfants’BWEarlynewbore（早期新生儿）:Neobornlessthan1weekLatenewbore（晚期新生儿）:Neobornagingfrom2weeksto4weeks2.Neutraltemperature（中性温度）:Anappropri

4、ateenvironmentaltemperaturewhichcankeepaneoborn’snormaltemperatureandcankeeptheleastoygencousuming,theleastmetabolismrate,theleastenergyevaporated,soiscalledneutraltemperature.3.Apnea（呼吸暂停）:whenasphyxiaoffetalorneobornoccurs,therespirateinhabitatedandreflexalheartratedecreasedbecauseo

5、flackofoxygen,soiscalledapnea.4.Physiologicalbodyweightdecline（生理性体重下降）:Intatedeficiency,fatalstoolpausedandwaterlosedafterbirthcanmakephysicalbodyweightdecline(3%--9%),anditreachesitslowestpointin3or4dayandreturnstoitsbirthweightin7to10days.5.Physiologicalanemia（生理性贫血）:Whenneonateof2

6、—3months,RBCdropsto110g/L,neonateoccursmildanemia.Itwilltake3monthstorecover.6.Physiologicaldiarrhea（生理性腹泻）:Physiologicaldiarrheausuallyoccursininfantslittlethan6months.Theyappearpuffyandoftenhaveeczema.Soonafterdelivery,theymayhavediarrhea,whosetimesareincreasing.However,thereisnooth

7、ersymptomsandtheinfantshavegoodappetites.Physicaldiarrheadoesnotaffectthegrowth.Recentresearchesfoundthatthediarrheaisaparticulartypeofintoleranceoflactose.Thestoolmayrecovernormalityafterappendingthecomplements.7.ProjectImmunity（计划免疫）:Accordingtocharacteristicsofchildren’simmunityand

8、theco