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1、美国文学整理之静候佳音TermsPart1:ColonialandRevolutionaryPeriodSeparatists①Inthecolonialperiod,thePuritanswhogonetoextremewereknownas“Separatists”.②UnlikethemajorityofPuritans,theysawnohopeofreformingtheChurchofEnglandfromwithin.Theyfeltthattheinfluenceofpoliticsandthecourtha
2、dledtocorruptionswithinthechurch.TheywishedtobreakfreefromtheChurchofEngland.③AmongthemwasthePlymouthplantationgroup.TheywishedtofollowCalvin’smodel,andtosetup“particular”churches.Puritans/pilgrims①ItreferstothepeoplewhobelievedinPuritanism.②InEnglandtheywantedto“p
3、urify”theChurchofEnglandandwasprosecuted.③Theyacceptthedoctrineandpracticeofpredestination,originalsinandtotaldepravityandlimitedatonementthroughaspecialinfusionofgracefromgod.PilgrimFathers①Theywerethepeople,mostlyPuritans,whoarrivedinNewEnglandin1620inMayFlower.②
4、Inabroadsense,theyrepresentedtheancestorsoftheAmericanpeople.AmericanPuritanism(美国清教主义)①Itaroseintheearly17thcentury.Puritanismisthepracticesandbeliefsofpuritans.②TheAmericanpuritans,liketheirEnglishbrothers,areidealist.Theyacceptthedoctrineandpracticeofpredestinat
5、ion,originalsinandtotaldepravityandlimitedatonementthroughaspecialinfusionofgracefromgod.③Butduetothegrimstruggleforlivinginthenewcontinent,theybecomemoreandmorepractical.Besides,theAmericanPuritanismasaculturalheritageexertedgreatinfluenceoverAmericanmoralvalues,a
6、ndthisPuritaninfluenceoverAmericanRomanticismwasconspicuouslynoticeable.Originalsin(原罪)①Originalsin,inChristiantheology,thesinofAdam:bywhichhumankindfellfromdivinegrace.②ItisthecentralreligiousbeliefofthePuritansthatpeoplearesinfuleversincetheirbirth.③Thepurposeofb
7、aptism(洗礼)istowashawayoriginalsinandtorestoretheindividualtoaninnocentstate,althoughevenafterbaptismatendencytosinremainsasaresultoforiginalsin.Theocracy(神权政体)①Itisastatesysteminwhichthestateandchurcharecombinedintoone,withtheideathatGodwouldgovernthroughthechurch.
8、②ItwasthemajorformofgovernmentincolonialAmerican.LiteraryJournals①Ajournalisanindividual’sday-by-dayaccountofevents.Itprovidesvaluabledetailsthat
