CHAPTER 4 The Components of the System 8.ppt

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CHAPTER4TheComponentsoftheSystemUnitPuttingItAllTogether InstallingNOSNetworkoperatingsystem(NOS)installationistheprocessofcreatingandcopyingNOSsystemfilestoaharddisk.BypurchasingaPCorserverwithapreinstalledOS,acustomeravoidsthecomplexprocessofinstallationandconfiguration.Thedrawbackisthatacustomermaynotbeabletocontroltheexactfeatures,packages,andconfigurationoftheOSorNOS.NOSadministratorsusuallyprefertohavedirectcontrolofsoftwareversions,updates,andpatchesinstalledonthesystem. PlanningtheSystemTheNOSinstallationshouldbecarefullyprepared.ThereisnooneNOSthatworkswithallcomputerhardware,sodeterminewhetherthecurrentlyavailablehardwarewillworkwiththeNOS.DetermineiftheNOSsupportsallapplicationsoftwarethatwillbeloadedonthesystem.BecomefamiliarwiththeNOSitself.Aspartoftheinstallationprocess,importantconfigurationdecisionswillhavetobemade. PlanningHardwareInstallationVerifythateverythingspecifiedintheinstallationplanisreadyandavailablebeforebeginningtheinstallation.Activitiesinclude:VerifyingtheInstallationSiteVerifyingthePowerSourceVerifyingtheUPSSizeAdequateTemperatureinaServerRoomVerifyingtheNetworkConnection ServerHardwareComponentsCheckthecomponentsthatwillbeusedtoassemblethenetworkserver.Somevendorsdonotassembleallthehardwareforanetworkserverwhentheyareordered.Verifythattheserverchassisisthecorrectmodelthatwasorderedandthecorrectformfactor.Mostserverchassisareeitherofatowerconfiguration,awide-or“fat-”towerconfiguration,orarack-mountconfiguration. ServerHardwareComponentsArack-mountserverchassismustbemountedinanequipmentrackdesignedforrack-mountedhardware.Theracksgenerallycomeinseveralsizes(heights).Theracksizeismeasuredinrackunits(U)andastandardrackunitis1.75inches. ServerHardwareComponentsVerifythatthefollowingproductsareordered:AmonitorthatsupportsVGAresolutionofatleast1024by768dotsperinch(dpi)UPSisavailableforthenetworkserverAnadequatebackupsystemThecorrectcableshavebeendeliveredtoconnecttheSCSIchannelcontrollertothediskdrivesThecorrectnumberandtypeofprocessorsareavailablewithmemoryforthemtoadequatelyperformtheirfunctionThecorrectSCSIadapterandRAIDcontrollerThecorrectFibreChannelhostbusadapter(HBA)Thenetworkinterfacecard(NIC)Otherhardwarethatmightberequiredforthenetworkserver HardwareRequirementsThemostcurrentversionsofpopularNOSs,suchasWindowsXPandRedHat7,canonlyrunoncertainhardwareconfigurations.WhenchoosinganNOSversiontoinstall,verifythatthekeyelementsofthesystemhardwaremeettheminimumrequirementsoftheNOS.CPUtype(architecture)CPUspeedAmountofRAMAmountofavailableharddiskspace CreatingaHardwareInventoryThehardwareinventoryshouldbecreatedbeforeanyinstallationprogramsarerunorbeforeanyattempttopreparetheharddiskforinstallation.Thehardwareinventoryshouldincludethefollowingforeachdevice:DevicetypeManufacturerModelnumberDevicedriverversionBIOSrevisionnumberThehardwareinventoryshouldalsoincludesysteminformation.Expansioncardsandperipheraldevicesattachedtothesystem CreatingaHardwareInventorySomeinstallationsmayrequiremoredetailsaboutthehardware,suchastheslotwhereanexpansioncardislocated,oreventhejumpersettingsonaparticularcard.MostofthisinformationcanbeobtainedbyusingautilitysuchasDeviceManager. IdentifyingHardwareUsingDeviceManagerInWindows2000deviceslackingadriverappearwithayellowquestionmarknexttothedevicenameinDeviceManager.“Plug-and-Play”devicesshouldinstalleasilyduringNOSinstallationorthefirstbootafterthedeviceisinstalled. CheckingHardwareCompatibilityListsCheckwiththeNOSandhardwaremanufacturerstoverifythatthehardwareiscompatiblewiththeNOS.Whilesoftwareandhardwaremanualsmaycontaincompatibilityinformation,themostup-to-datesourceofthisinformationistheWorldWideWeb.TheRedHatwebsiteoffersahardwarecompatibilitylist. VerifyingtheNetworkHereareunsuccessfulpingcommandsinWindowsandLinux.