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时间:2020-01-24
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1、过去一般时态的原理一、过去一般时态的构成:1.判断动词be:(1)肯定句主语+was或were+表语+状语.Hewasastudenttenyearsago.(2)否定句主语+was或were+not+表语+状语.Hewasnotastudenttenyearsago.*was+not=wasn’t*were+not=weren’t(3)一般疑问句Was或Were+主语+表语+状语?Washeastudenttenyearsago?(4)特殊疑问句A.疑问词(作主语)+was/were+表语+状语?Whowasateachertenyearsago?Whatwasinfront
2、ofthehousetenyearsago?B.疑问词(不作主语)+was/were+主语+….?What(表语)washetenyeasago?状语2.行为动词和其他判断动词:(1)肯定句主语+行为动词过去式或其他判断动词过去式+….HeboughtanMP4yesterday.Ibecameateachertwentyyearsago.*英语中的绝大多数动词是规则动词,个别动词是不规则动词。规则动词的过去式=该动词的原形+-ed;不规则动词的过去式有特殊形式(见“不规则动词表”)。(2)否定句主语+didnot+行为动词原形或其他判断动词原形+….*did+not=didn’tH
3、edidnotbuyanMP4yesterday.Ididnotbecomeadoctor.Ibecameateacher.(3)一般疑问句Did+主语+行为动词原形或其他判断动词原形+…?DidhebuyanMP4yesterday?Didyoubecomeadoctortenyearsago?(4)特殊疑问句A.疑问词(作主语)+行为动词过去式或其他判断动词过去式+…?WhoboughtanMP4yesterday?B.疑问词(不作主语)+did+主语+行为动词原形或其他判断动词原形+…?Whatdidhebuyyesterday?3.“Therebe句型”的过去一般时态:(1)肯
4、定句There+was或were+主语+状语.Therewasatalltreeinfrontofourschooltenyearsago.(2)否定句There+was或were+not+主语+状语.Therewasnotatalltreeinfrontofourschooltenyearsago.*was+not=wasn’t*were+not=weren’t(3)一般疑问句Was或Were+there+主语+状语?Was或Were+there+atalltree+infrontofourschooltenyearsago?(4)特殊疑问句A.疑问词(作主语)+was/were+表
5、语+状语?What+was+infrontofourschool+tenyearsago?主语表语状语B.疑问词(不作主语)+was/werethere+主语+….?When+wasthere+atalltree主语infrontofourschool?地点状语二、过去一般时态的定义用法1.概括叙述过去的事情,概括叙述过去发生了什么事。2.概括叙述过去的一般状况。*过去一般时态的“过去”可以很具体,可以不太具体,也可以很模糊。【例1】IsawJaneandherboy-friendintheparkat8o’clockyesterdayevening.(时间很具体)(但不展开过程)【例
6、2】HeboughtanMP4yesterday.(时间不太具体)(概括叙述)【例3】IoftentookcoldbathswhenIwasyoung.(时间很模糊)(概括叙述过去的一般状况)*只有一个“过去”,用过去一般时态或过去进行时态。YesterdayIhadwatchedabasketballmatch.(╳)YesterdayIwatchedabasketballmatch.(√)*一连串的、紧接着发生的过去的动作,都用过去一般时态,不再区分先后。【例4】Hurriedly,shedroppedaglassofmilkonthefloor,soshehadtocleani
7、t.Thenshegotherhandbagandhurriedout.【例5】Thekingheardthemusicfromhiswindow,andsummonedthegirltothepalace.*两个过去的动作A和B,如果A发生在B的过程中,那么,A用过去一般,B用过去进行。Iwasplayingthepianowhenhecamein.*“过去一般时态”的动作或状态,对“现在”(此时此刻)来说,都是“完成了的”。但“过去一般时态
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