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1、高一英语模块三Unit3GrammarM3Unit3GrammarandUsage宾语补足语一.英语的五种基本句型结构:①S十V主谓结构Herunsquickly.他跑得快。②S十V十P主系表结构Thestorysoundsinteresting.这个故事听起来有趣。③S十V十O主谓宾结构Theybuiltahouselastyear.他们去年建了一所房子。④S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构Heofferedmehisseat/hisseattome.他把座位让给我。⑤S十V十O十C主谓宾宾补结构Theyfoundherh
2、appythatday.他们发现那天她很高兴。Ifoundhimout.我发现他出去了。TheynamedtheboyCharlie.他们给这个男孩起名为查理。Isawhimcomeinandgoout.我见他进来又出去。Theyfeltthecarmovingfast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。Hefoundthedoorofstudyclosedtohim.他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语二.宾语补足语:1、定义:Theobjec
3、tcomplementgivesmoreinformationabouttheobject.顾名思义,宾补是补充说明宾语,使句子意义完整的句子成分。2、使用场合:Verb+object+objectcomplement3、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有:(1).名词:Wemadehimourmonitor.Theythoughtthisgoodadvice.TheynamedtheirdaughterJenny.注:充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时,前面一般不用冠词。TheyelectedJohn
4、chairmanofthecommittee.(2).形容词:Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy.We’dbetterleavethedooropen.Wefoundtheruinsmostinteresting.(3).介词短语Helefthisbagintheoffice.Wefoundourselvesinthemiddleofadesert.(4).副词Heopenedthewindowtoletthefreshairin.Isawhimoutwithhisfathertheday
5、beforeyesterday.(5).现在分词:I’msorrytohaveyouwaitingforsolong.Icouldfeelthecoldwindblowingonmyface.Atthismomentshenoticedtheteachercomingin.(6).过去分词:Whenhewakeup,hefoundhimselftiedtoatree.Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.Ihadmywatchrepairedyesterday.(7).不定式或省略to的不
6、定式Mymotherallowedmetoplaygamesforawhile.Canyoumakeyourcarparkoverthere?注:(1).使用不定式作宾语补足语时,五看(see,watch,notice,observe,lookat)三使(make,let,have)两听(listento,hear)一感觉(feel)后接省略to的不定式(2).help一词后的不定式,可带to,也可以不带to。4、在复合宾语中,宾语通常为名词或代词,但有时也可以用不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或that从句来充当。一般情
7、况下,宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。值得注意的是:think,find,6高一英语模块三Unit3Grammarconsider,feel,make,take等动词应使用先行it代替宾语,it后面应接宾补,而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部Ifeltitnecessarytospeakaboutourshortcomings.Ithinkitveryimportanttoattendthismeeting.Weallthoughtitapitythatyoucouldn’tjoinus.注意:在这种结构中,宾语补足语通常为名词或形容
8、词;常用于这种结构的动词有:feel,find,think,make,take,judge,consider等。【小结】1、宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。宾语+宾语补足语=>复合宾语。2、可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。3、能带宾补的动词一定是及物动词。4