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1、现在分词；动名词1、现在分词；动名词的形式动词语态形式及物动词make不及物动词go主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式makingbeingmadegoing完成式havingmadehavingbeenmadehavinggone2、-ing形式的基本用法。（1）作主语：Seeingisbelieving.百闻不如一见。Talkingiseasierthandoing.说比做容易。作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。如：Itisn’tmuchgoodwritingtothema
2、gain.It’snousewaitinghere.（2）作表语：Herjobiswashingandcooking.Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。Shelikesdrawingverymuch.；②作某些短语动词的宾语。MaryisthinkingofgoingbacktoNewYork.；③do+限定词（my,some,any,the等）+-ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：WeoftendoourcleaningonSaturdayafternoon.
3、WillyoudoanyshoppingonSaturdaythisafternoon?④作介词的宾语：Hersisterisgoodatlearningphysics.；⑤作形容词worth,busy等的宾语：Thisbookiswellworthreading.⑥–ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：Wefounditnogoodtalkinglikethat.Doyouthinkitnecessarytryingagain?（4）作定语：Thesleeping
4、childisonlyfiveyearsold.Doyouknowthemanstandingatthegate?（5）作宾语补足语：Wecanseesteamrisingfromthewetclothes.可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see,watch,hear,observe,feel,find,have,keep等。（6）作状语：①时间状语：SeeingTom,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofhisbrother.Whencrossingstreet,youmustbecareful.②原因
5、状语：Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.③方式或伴随状语：MarystoodattheschoolgatewaitingforBetty.3、主动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。Havingansweredtheletter,shewentontoreadanEnglishnovel.4、被动语态-ing一般式的基本用法。Thetruckbeingrepairedthereisours.5、被动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。Havingbeenshownthelab,wew
6、eretakentoseethelibrary.6、-ing形式的复合结构。Yoursmokinganddrinkingtoomuchwilldoharmtoyourhealth.7、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语时的区别。Ourjobismakingsteel.Shelikesplayingthepiano,butshedoesn'twanttoplayittoday.8、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别。ThegirlwritingalettertherecanspeakEngl
7、ishverywell.Ihavethreeletterstowrite.9、-ing形式与动词不定式在作宾语补足语时的区别。Ihavetoldthemtocomeagaintomorrow.Ihearhersingingintheroom.我听见她正在屋里唱歌。Ihearhersingintheroom.我听见她在屋里唱过歌。10、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别。Notreceivinghisletter,Iwrotetohimagain.Ilookedintothewindowtoseewhat
8、wasgoingoninside.过去分词过去分词的基本用法：（1）作定语：Thestolencarwasfoundbythepolicelastweek.Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwell.（2）作表语：Theglasswasbrokenbymylittlebrother.Hewassatisfiedwithwhatshehaddone.（3）
