香山生态论坛-Anten-clonal.ppt

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1、Vegetationstructureandproductivity:Theresultofagame?NielsAntenPlantEcology&BiodiversityUtrechtUniversityImportantchallengeinplantecology:Developingatheoreticalframeworktoscalefrom:Organ-leveltraitsphotosynthesisNutrientcontentrootlengthPerformanceoftheindividualplantStructure,productivity&specie

2、scompositionofvegetationstandWhyisthisscalingimportant?Anymutationatthelevelofmolecularlevel.Localfitnessconsequencespopulation(vegetationstand)Allofwhatweeatis(indirectly)theresultofwhole-standproductivityMorethan50%ofglobalCO2uptake(120Gt/yr)istakenupbyterrestrialvegetationWhyisscalingimportan

3、t?ClimateinfluencesplantsandplantsinfluenceclimateGlobaltemperatureincreaseCO2MeasuringleafareaphotosynthesisofeveryleafandthenaddingupNeedforsimplicityFutureimpactofvegetationchangeinalargearea:WecannotmeasureeverythingOptimizationConditions:limitingFactor(X)OptimizationTraitFitnessfunctionCO2H

4、2OPredictedforestButwhatdoplantsoptimize?ThreesectionstothistalkSimpleoptimization:Arevegetationstandsoptimaltomaximizewhole-standproductivity?Competitiveoptimization:Arevegetationstandstheresultofagameleadingtoatragedy?Gametheoryandclonalplants:aspecialcase?Practicalapplicationsofgametheoryforc

5、ropscienceandclimatechangeresearchPart1.Simpleoptimization:ThecaseofoptimalLAIs&andapplicationstoglobalchangeresearchNNitrogenavailabilityoftenlimitedNuptakecostlyintermsofrootproductionanduptakeitselfPhotosynthesisprovidessubstratesforgrowthandreproductionFocusonoptimalnitrogenusebyplantsplants

6、shoulduseNefficientlyforphotosynthesisPhotosynthesisandnitrogenarestronglypositivelycorrelatedOptimalleafareaproductionAnincreaseinLAIIncreasedLAIassumingfixedtotalN:MorelightcapturebutalsomoreselfshadingAreductioninmeanleafNcontent(Narea=CanopyN/LAI)lowerphotosynthesisperunitleafareaNcontentof

7、everyequalsminimumPhotosynthesis=0LAI=0Photosynthesis=0OptimalLAIOptimalLAIformaximumwhole-standphotosynthesisexists:AboveoptimalLAIincreasedlightcapturenolongercompensatesforreducedphotosyntheticcapacityofleavesAntenetal.