how to write.ppt

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1、HowtoWriteaScientificPaperLecture14BeijingEarnestisimportant!要舍得花时间写作!审稿人会觉得对他来说很不公平––如果他觉得你只花了一天时间来写一篇文章，而他却要花一周时间去为你审查、推敲、修改、评论––“作者自己不认真写，却要我去认真审？最后文章出来了是我的？”。因此，他很可能随便找个理由给你退稿算了或者，由于你写得不好，他没有读懂，为了保险起见，他还是选择“退稿了事”。（好冤枉！）WhatisaScientificPaper?AScientificPapertellsthewo

2、rldofanewdiscovery.Itisanorganizeddescriptionofhypotheses,dataandconclusions,intendedtoinstructthereader.Itisalsoacentralpartofresearch.“Interestingandunpublished”isequivalentto“not-existent”.WhataScientificPaperisnot?Itisnotadiary.Itisnotanovelwithasurpriseending.Itdoesnot

3、listnegativeresults.Itdoesnotlistout-of-dateliterature.Itdoesnotincludeexcuses:Theequipmentistooexpensive.Thejournalsarenotavailableinmylibrary.WritingthepaperMisconceptionsandtricksContentBeforeyoustartwritingOnecan'tmakebrickswithoutstraw.BeforeyoustartItisessentialtohave

4、anyresultsandconclusionsi.Youcannothaveanyconclusionswithoutresults.ii.Youcannotwritewithoutanyconclusions.Part1BeforeyoustartwritingAreyourresultsnew?Literaturestudiesareessentialbeforeyoustarttheresearchprogramandwriting.Therearehundredsofyearsofscientificresearchandmilli

5、onsofpapers.Topublishapaperyoumustbeattheresearchfrontier.Youmustknowwheretheresearchfrontieris.Youmustcontinuallycheckthemostrecentliteraturetomakesurewhatothersaredoing.Part1BeforeyoustartwritingOutlineAgoodoutlineforthepaperisagoodplanfortheresearchprogram.Atthebeginning

6、,youwillhavemostlyplan;attheend,mostlyoutline.Anoutlineisawrittenplanoftheorganizationofapaper,includingthedataonwhichitrests.Itcanberelativelyefficienttogothroughseveral(evenmany)cyclesofanoutlinebeforebeginningtowritetext.Part1BeforeyoustartwritingPart2WritingthepaperThep

7、urposeofyourpaperistoconveytheidea.Hereisaproblem.It’sanimportantproblem.It’sanunsolvedproblem.Hereismyidea.Myideaworks(details,data).Here’showmyideacomparestootherpeople’sapproachesBasicpartsofapaperPart2Writingthepaper.Title.Abstract.Introduction.Support(theoreticalandexp

8、erimental).Resultsanddiscussions.Conclusions.References.Acknowledgements.AppendixT