c编程_外文文献.doc

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1、.....附件一外文原文Object-OrientationandC++C++isjustoneofmanyprogramminglanguagesinusetoday.Whyaretheresomanylanguages?Whydonewonesappeareveryfewyears?Programminglanguageshaveevolvedtohelpprogrammerseasethetransitionfromdesigntoimplementation.Thefirstprogramminglanguageswereverydepende

2、ntontheunderlyingmachinearchitecture.Writingprogramsatthislevelofdetailisverycumbersome.Justashardwareengineerslearnedhowtobuildcomputersystemsoutofothercomponents,languagedesignersalsorealizedthatprogramscouldbewrittenatamuchhigherlevel,therebyshieldingtheprogrammerfromthedetai

3、lsoftheunderlyingmachine.Whyaretheresuchalargenumberofhigh-levelprogramminglanguages?Therearelanguagesforaccessinglargeinventorydatabases,formattingfinancialreports,controllingrobotsonthefactoryfloor,processinglists,controllingsatellitesinrealtime,simulatinganuclearreactor,predi

4、ctingchangingatmosphericconditions,playingchess,anddrawingcircuitboards.Eachoftheseproblemsrequiresdifferentsetsofdatastructuresandalgorithms.Programminglanguagesaretoolstohelpussolveproblems.However,thereisnotoneprogramminglanguagethatisbestforeverytypeofproblem.Newprogrammingl

5、anguagesareoftendevelopedtoprovidebettertoolsforsolvingaparticularclassofproblems.Otherlanguagesareintendedtobeusefulforavarietyofproblemdomainsandaremoregeneralpurpose.Eachprogramminglanguageimpartsaparticularprogrammingstyleordesignphilosophyonitsprogrammers.Withthemultitudeof

6、programminglanguagesavailabletoday,anumberofsuchdesignphilosophieshaveemerged.Thesedesignphilosophies,calledprogrammingparadigms,helpustothinkaboutproblemsandformulatesolutions.学习参考.....1.SoftwareDesignthroughParadigmsWhendesigningsmallcomputerprogramsorlargesoftwaresystems,weof

7、tenhaveamentalmodeloftheproblemwearetryingtosolve.Howdowedeviseamentalmodelofasoftwaresystem?Programmingparadigmsoffermanydifferentwaysofdesigningandthinkingaboutsoftwaresystems.Aparadigmcanbethoughtofasamentalmodelorasaframeworkfordesigninganddescribingasoftwaresystem'sstructur

8、e.Themodelhelpsusthinkaboutandformulatesolution