Week1-Introduction.ppt

《Week1-Introduction.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、INTRODUCTIONAmericanCultureWeek1Trolley电车CONSEQUENTIALISTMORALTHEORYTherightthingtodoisbasedontheRESULTSofyouractionsEX:UTILITARIANISM(功利主义)CATEGORICALMORALTHEORYMoralityisfoundintheactualactitself,notintheresultoftheactEX:EmmanuelKant(康德)SOCRATES(苏格拉底)andCALLICLES

2、SKEPTICISM怀疑主义QuestionsinmoralphilosophyareoftenunanswerableButtheyarealsoUNAVOIDABLECan’tescapetherestlessnessofREASONDebateandeducationareaPROCESSWelivetheanswerstomoralityeverydayUTILITARIANISM功利主义JeremyBentham(边沁)–EnglishphilosopherWhatismoralistomaximizeUTILIT

3、YUTILITY=thegreatestgoodforthegreatestnumberandmaximizingPLEASUREoverPAINUtilitarianismisawellknownformofCONSEQUENTIALISTmoralthinkingTheQueenv.DudleyandStevens(1884)QUESTIONSRAISEDINCLASS1DowehavecertainFUNDAMENTALRIGHTS?-Whycan’twepushthefatmanoffthebridge?DoesaF

4、AIRPROCEDUREjustifyanyRESULT?-Ismurderokifeveryoneagreestoit?WhatisthemoralworkofCONSENT?-HowisitpossiblethatanactthatisWRONGwithoutconsentcanbepermissiblewithit?