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1、Lecture3语态语态(voice)是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，如ManypeoplespeakEnglish.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，如Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Thedoorwasopened.Be动词过去分词被动语态的构成主动语态变为被动语态1）“主+谓+宾”句型变为被动结构：Hewroteanarticle.Anarticlewaswrittenbyhim.2）“主+谓+宾+宾”句型变为被动结构：Hetoldheralongstory.Sh
2、ewastoldalongstory.Alongstorywastoldtoher.完成进行状态基本结构时间一般进行完成现在过去将来过去将来havehaswaswerewilshallwouldshouldwaswerhadbeen+P.amisare+P.amisarebeing+P.been+P.willhavebeen+P.+P.be+P.being+P.wouldhavebeen+P.be+P.非谓语动词17什么是非谓语动词啊？“非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!那不是谓语是什么呢？。。。。。。8过去分词v-ed不定式to+v动词的v-ing非谓语动词动词不
3、定式及其用法Grammar一动词不定式动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等,但不能作谓语。动词不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补作主语Tomasteraf
4、oreignlanguageisreallyimportantnowadays.Togiveupsmokingisright.1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。2.放弃吸烟是对的。作宾语Freddidn’thaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.1.Fred没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。2.他答应不告述任何人这事。afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,
5、determine,expect,fail,get,guarantee,hate,help,hope,hurry,intend,learn,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promiserefuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wishThefollowingverbsarenormallyfollowedbytheinfinitive.Remember!Thefollowingverbsarenormallyfollowedbyv-ing.avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislik
6、e,endure,enjoy,escape,forgive,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,pardon,prevent,resist,suggest,understand,can’thelpRememberthem!作表语MyjobistoteachEnglish.Toseeistobelieve.1.我的工作是教英语。2.眼见为实。作定语Doyouhaveanythingtosay?1.你有什么要说的吗?2.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人BettywasthefirsttoknowthetruthItseemsthathehasnope
7、n______. A.towriteB.towritewith C.writingD.writingwith注意如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，其后应加上必要的介词Eg.Heisapleasantpersontoworkwith.不定式作定语，往往表示将要发生的动作。Ihavealotofworktodo.Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisveryimportant.注意作状语Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.I’m
