七 Unit 3 Grammar[课件].ppt

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1、Unit3GrammarRevisethePassiveVoiceof—ingFormHavingbeenattackedbyterrorists,theWorldTradeCentercollapsed.V-ing形式由“do＋ing”构成，其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。V-ing形式语态时态主动形式被动形式一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havi

2、ngbeendone当动词-ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，就要用动词-ing形式的被动语态。    动词-ing形式的被动语态和它的主动语态一样，在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语。动词-ing形式的被动语态1.Beingkilledbysharksintheseaisacommonthing.2.Beinghelpedoutbythekillerwhales,thewhalerswereabletomakesuccessfulkill.用作主语Hewasafraidofbeingscoldedby

3、theteacher.2.Irememberhavingbeentoldthestory.3.Ididn’tliketheideaofbeingthrownaboutinaboatonaroughsea. (到处扔)用作宾语V-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。★Thebirdescaped______________(catch).★Hewasafraidof_______________(abandon)byus.beingabandonedbeingcaught在avoid,admit,ap

4、preciate,complete,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,putoff,feellike,insiston等后只接V-ing形式作宾语。注意做宾补IheardthispoembeingreadwhenIpassedbytheroom.Theproblembeingdiscussednowisveryimportant.2.Thehouseb

5、eingbuiltwillbeourlibraryuponitscompletion.用作定语AmeetingbeingheldnowAmeetingheldyesterdayAmeetingtobeheldtomorrowIng，过去分词和不定式做定语区别1.Beingaskedtoanswerthequestion,shecouldn’trefuse.2.Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howwouldyounotvalueitatall?用作状语—Ving一般时和一般时的被

6、动形式;(1)Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindfromtimetotime.(2)Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourdormitory.CompareI—Ving的完成时和完成时的被动形式(1)Havingheardthis,ourteacherexpressedhersatisfaction.(2)Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldn’tleave.CompareII在绝大数情况下，句子的逻辑主语是句中的主语，但有时可有一个名词或代词表示逻

7、辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的结构称为独立结构。Themeetingbeingover,wealllefttheroomanddrovehome.会议结束后,我们都离开房间开车走了。Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。Theheavyfrostcomingon,deadleaveslaythickontheground.浓霜降临,落叶满地。一些动词如need,want,require等作“需要”讲时,其后的动词-ing形式的主动语态表示被动意

8、义,也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。如：注意Theblackboardneedscleaning.=Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.黑板需要擦干净。Thebrokenwindowwantsrepairing.=Thebrokenwindowwantstoberepaired.那个破窗户需要修理。另外注意beworth及beworthy的用法：Theproblemiswor