情态动词与虚拟语气.ppt

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1、Modalverbsandsubjunctivemood情态动词与虚拟语气1.may1)可否A.用于问句:MayIuseyourphone?B.用于陈述句:Youmaycomeifyouwish.2)推断A.现在可能:Hemayknowtheanswer.B.过去可能:Hemayhavegoneabroad.3)用于状语从句，表示目的、让步等:Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.Tryashemay,hewillnotpasstheexam.4)祝愿：Mayyoubehappy!2.might1)轻微批评、

2、抱怨。A.针对现在：Youmighttellmeifyou’regoingtobelate.B.针对过去：Youmightatleasthavephonedmeifyou’renotcoming.3.must1)必须、一定。A.指现在或将来：Youmustgiveupsmoking.Imustremembertoposttheletter.B.指过去用have的过去式had(比用must含义清楚):Ihadtogotoseethedoctor.2)否定式mustnot/mustn’t表示“禁止、一定不”：Carsmustnotparkinfrontofth

3、eentrance.Wemustn’tbelate.3)推断。A.现在可能:Hemustknowtheanswer.B.过去可能:Wemusthavereadthesamereport.4)责任、义务，与should/oughtto含义类似：Youmustseethefilm;it’swonderful.4.should/ought1)责任、义务A.指现在或将来：Thepoliceshoulddosomethingaboutit.Themachineoughttobecleanedonceaweek.B.指过去:Youshouldhavecheckedth

4、etimebeforeyouleft.Yououghtto/shouldhavetoldmeaboutitearlier.2)oughtto还用于表示揣测。Heoughttopasstheexam.Thewateroughttohaveboilednow.WeoughttobehearingfromJanesoon.5.shall1)疑问形式征求意见，用于第一人称:WhattimeshallIcome?Let’sdoitagain,shallwe?ShallIhaveacupofteaforyou?ShallIopenthewindow?2)表示规定、许诺

5、、命令、警告、决心等，用于各个人称：Ishallwritetoyouattheendofthemonth.Ifyouwantacomputer,youshallhaveone.Aplayershallbesentoffforusingbadlanguage.Youshallhavetheresultoftheexamtomorrow.6.need1)表示“不必”，A.用于否定句:Youneedn’tcometothemeeting.B.用于含有半否定词的句子：C.用于宾语从句时，主句为过去时，依然用need:Hesays/saidIneedn’tpayti

6、llthe30th.2)用于疑问句:Needwecometomorrow?7.dare1)表示“敢”，A.用于否定句。Idaren’taskhertodothat.B.用于含有半否定词的句子：Ihardlydaretothinkofit.2)用于疑问句和条件句：Dareyouinterrupthim?Iwonderifshedaredcomehome.3)用于Idaresay,don’tyoudare结构：Idaresayyou’reright.Don’tyoudaretouchthatvase.8haveto表示客观上的必要性，后接不定式.1)肯定式：W

7、ehavetobecarefulinsuchmatters.2)否定式和疑问式：Youdon’thavetogetupearly.Doyouhavetoleavesosoon?3)可用于各种时态:We’llhavetohelphimasmuchaswecan.4)可用于各种语态:Alotoflettershadtobeanswered.5)可用于复合谓语:Wemayhavetocanceltheplan.9.hadbetter/best,’dbetter1)后接不定式的一般时或进行时（均不带to)。A.接不定式的一般时:We’dbettergobefore

8、itgetsdark.Whathadwebetterdo?2)接不