Democracy 民主.pptx

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1、DemocracyVoting,PartiesandRepresentationHistoryofDemocracyDemocracyfirstemergedinAthens,GreeceinthesixthcenturyBC(nearlytwothousandyearsago)ItwascreatedinoppositiontowhatwasseenasthetyrannyofkingsandrulerswhowerecorruptandunaccountabletothepeopleAthensPantheonatAth

2、ensAncientGreeksTheAncientGreekswereahighlyadvancedcivilisationTheirculture,artandhistoryarehighlyinfluentialonthewholeofWesternideasDemocracyisoneofthemostimportantlegaciesoftheGreeksGreekDemocracyGreekdemocracyoccurredinAthensinresponsetothetyrannyofformerregimes

3、TheoldsystemhadbeenledbyadominatingpowerfularistocracyThissystemexploitedcitizensandwasentirelyunaccountableThereforeSolon,aGreekpoliticianandpoetwasaskedtodraftupanewwayofgoverningAthensGreekDemocracyThisnewsystemwasbasedaroundfreedomandequalityEveryonewassupposed

4、tobefreeunderthelawandhaveequalaccesstojusticeItisthesupposedtobetheruleof‘thepeople’ThesystemwasdesignedtoeradicatecorruptionandmeanthatallskilledmenwouldbeabletogetintohighofficeiftheyweregoodenoughAspectsofGreekDemocracyManyofficialswerechosenby‘lot’–thismeansth

5、attheywererandomlyselectedThiswasdesignedtoeradicatecorruption,fosteracollectiveresponsibility,andmeanthattheoreticallynomanwasexcludedfrompoliticsCourtshadjuriesbutnowjudges.Thuslawwasentirelyrunby‘thepeople’Thesecourtshadthepowertojudgeuponallmembersofgovernmenta

6、ndholdthemaccountableAspectsofGreekDemocracyAllcitizenswereallowedtovoteonanynewlawsAnycitizencouldgototheplacewherelawsweremadeandspeakoutinfavouroragainstnewlegislationTheycouldalsosuggestnewlegalisationImportantofficials(egmilitary,treasury)wereelectedbysecretba

7、llotbyvoteDirectDemocracyDirectdemocracyistheideathatthepeoplehavedirectaccesstothelawandtheprocessofgovernmentandcanvoteonalllawsiftheychooseAthensishighlyexceptionalinthiswayasitwassosmallthatthiscouldfunctionfairlywellThesedayswedonothavedirectdemocracyintheWest

8、but“RepresentationalDemocracy”ProblemswithGreekDemocracyGreekdemocracywassupposedtobetherule“bythepeople”whowereinthiscasedefinedas“citizens”Howe