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1、ThomasHardy托马斯·哈代Born(1840-06-02)2June1840Stinsford,Dorset,EnglandDied11January1928(1928-01-11)(aged87)Dorchester,Dorset,EnglandRestingStinsfordparishchurch(heart)placePoets'Corner,WestminsterAbbey(ashes)OccupationNovelist,Poet,andShortStorywriterAlmamaterKing'sCollege
2、LondonLiterarymovementNaturalism,VictorianliteratureNotableworksTessofthed'Urbervilles,FarfromtheMaddingCrowd,CollectedPoemsJudetheObscureSpouseEmmaLaviniaGifford(1874–1912)FlorenceDugdale(1914–28)LifeControbutionWorks18401856186218671867-186818781891191219141928Thomas
3、Hardywasbornin1840inHigherBockhampton(UpperBockhamptoninhisday),ahamletintheparishofStinsfordtotheeastofDorchesterinDorset,England,wherehisfatherThomas(died1892)workedasastonemasonandlocalbuilder.HismotherJemima(died1904)waswell-read,andsheeducatedThomasuntilhewenttohi
4、sfirstschoolatBockhamptonatageeight.Heleavedfromschoolandwentapprentice(学徒)toanarchitect(建筑师)HardytrainedasanarchitectinDorchesterbeforemovingtoLondonin1862;thereheenrolledasastudentatKing'sCollegeLondon.HewonprizesfromtheRoyalInstituteofBritishArchitectsandtheArchitec
5、turalAssociation.Hereturnedhishometownbecauseofhishealth.Hestartedtowritepome.FinishedThePoorManandtheLady《穷人与贵妇》butdidnotpublished《还乡》TheReturnoftheNative1878In1870,whileonanarchitecturalmissiontorestoretheparishchurchofStJuliotinCornwall,HardymetandfellinlovewithEmma
6、LaviniaGifford,whomhemarriedin1874.Althoughtheylaterbecameestranged,herdeathin1912hadatraumaticeffectonhimandafterherdeathIn1885ThomasandhiswifemovedintoMaxGate,ahouseHardyhaddesignedhimselfandhisbrotherhadbuilt.《德伯家的苔丝》TessoftheD'Urbervilles1891Hiswifedead.Hardymadeat
7、riptoCornwalltorevisitplaceslinkedwiththeircourtship,andhisPoems1912–13reflectuponherdeath.In1914,HardymarriedhissecretaryFlorenceEmilyDugdale,whowas39yearshisjunior.However,heremainedpreoccupiedwithhisfirstwife'sdeathandtriedtoovercomehisremorsebywritingpoetry.In1910,
8、HardyhadbeenawardedtheOrderofMerit.HardybecameillwithpleurisyinDecember1927anddiedatMaxGatejustafter9pmon11January192
