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1、SnapShot:Cell-CycleRegulatorsIIDavidO.MorganUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,CA94143,USAS.cerevisiaeS.pombeD.melanogasterX.laevisH.sapiensfunction(BuddingYeast)(fissionYeast)(fruitfly)(clawedToad)(Human)Cdk-inhibitoryPhosphorylateswe1Wee1,Mik1Dwee1,Dmyt1
2、Wee1,Myt1Wee1,Myt1kinasesCdkinactivesite,blockingactivityCdk-activatingDephosphorylateMih1cdc25string,Twinecdc25A,B,ccdc25A,B,cphosphatasesinhibitoryphosphorylationofCdksubunitCdkinhibitorSic1class:sic1Rum1Roughex(Rux)proteins(CKIs)inhibitsSandM(selected)ph
3、aseCdksCip/Kipclass:Dacapo(Dap)Xic1(Kix1)p21(Cip1,Waf1),inhibitsG1,S,Mp27(Kip1),p57phaseCdksand(Kip2)activatesG1CdksINK4class:p15Ink4b,p16Ink4a,inhibitsG1Cdksp18Ink4c,p19Ink4dAPCinhibitorsBindactivatingAcm1bindsCdh1Mes1bindsRca1bindsCdh1Xerp1(Emi2)emi1binds
4、(selected)subunit,oftenasCdc20inmeiosisbindsCdc20inCdc20andCdh1pseudosubstratesmeiosisSCF(Skp1-Recruitindicatedcdc4recruitsfbw7(Cdc4,Cullin-Fbox)substratestoSic1,Far1,Cdc6Ago)recruitsubiquitinligaseSCFligaseforcyclinEF-boxsubunitsubiquitinationβ-TrcP1recrui
5、ts(selected)Cdc25A,Wee1,Emi1Grr1recruitsskp2recruitsCln1,2E2F-1,p27G1/SgeneTranscriptionfactors:Sequence-specificDNA-bindingproteinsatG1/SgenepromoterscontrolsBf(Swi6+de2f1:activatore2f-1,2,3:Swi4):activatoractivatorsMBf(Swi6+de2f2:repressore2f4,5:Mbp1):reg
6、ulatorrepressorsCdk-dependentinhibitors:Inhibitactivatorsorassistrepressors;inhibitedbyG1-CdkWhi5dRBf1,dRBf2pRB,p107,p130974Cell135,November28,2008©2008ElsevierInc.DOI10.1016/j.cell.2008.10.040Seeonlineversionforlegendandreferences.SnapShot:Cell-CycleRegula
7、torsIIDavidO.MorganUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,CA94143,USAThecorecomponentsofthecell-cyclecontrolsystemaregovernedbynumerousadditionalregulators,whichensurethatcyclin-dependentkinase(Cdk)andanaphase-promotingcomplex(APC)activitiesarerobustlyandrapid
8、lyactivatedinthecorrectorderandattheappropriatecell-cyclestage.Cyclin-CdkactivitiesarecontrolledbyphosphorylationatinhibitorysitesontheCdksubunit,associationwithCdk-inhibitoryproteins(CKIs),transcripti
