multiple myeloma-PPT(骨髓瘤).pdf

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1、MULTIPLEMYELOMADep.Hematology，ZhongshanHospitalJennyZhaoIntroductionMultiplemyeloma(myelo-+-oma,"marrow"+"tumor"),alsoknownasplasmacellmyeloma,isacancerofplasmacells,atypeofwhitebloodcellnormallyresponsibleforproducingantibodies.Inmultiplemyeloma,collectionsofabnormalplasmacellsaccumulateinthebone

2、marrow,wheretheyinterferewiththeproductionofnormalbloodcells.Mostcasesofmultiplemyelomaalsofeaturetheproductionofaparaprotein—anabnormalantibodywhichcancausekidneyproblems.Bonelesionsandhypercalcemia(highbloodcalciumlevels)arealsooftenencountered.contentsEpidemiologyandEtiologyPathogenesisandcli

3、nicalfeaturesLaboratoryfindingsDiagnosisanddifferentialdiagnosisTreatmentprognosisEpidemiologyandEtiologycontentsEpidemiologyandEtiologyPathogenesisandclinicalfeaturesLaboratoryfindingsDiagnosisanddifferentialdiagnosisTreatmentprognosispathogenesisMarrowinvolvementwithmalignantplasmacellse

4、ffectsymptomsBoneerosionduetostimulationPainofosteoclastsPathologicalfractureSeverelocalpainHypercalcaemiaThirst，lethargyBonemarrowfailure:anemia,tirednesspancytopeniapathogenesisExcessproductionofparaproteinandlightchainseffectsymptomsRenaldamageNoneuntiluraemic(otherreasons:hypercalcemia,amyloidos

5、is)IncreasedbloodviscosityNoneuntilsevere,thenblurredvision,headache,vertigo,comapathogenesisReductioninnumberofnormalplasmacellseffectsymptomsImpairedimmunefunctionSusceptibilitytoinfection,particularlyrespiratorySummaryofclinicalfeaturesofMMBecausemanyorganscanbeaffectedbymyeloma,thesymptomsandsi

6、gnsvarygreatly.AmnemonicsometimesusedtoremembersomeofthecommonsymptomsofmultiplemyelomaisCRAB:C=Calcium(elevated),R=Renalfailure,A=Anemia,B=Bonelesions.Myelomahasmanyotherpossiblesymptoms,includingopportunisticinfections(e.g.,pneumonia).CRABsymptomsandproliferationofmonoclonalplasmacellsinthebone

7、marrowarepartofthediagnosticcriteriaofmultiplemyeloma.contentsEpidemiologyandEtiologyPathogenesisandclinicalfeaturesLaboratoryfindingsDiagnosisanddifferentialdiagnosisTreatmentprognosisbloodtes