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1、2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练(1)APollution’sgreateffectsontheenvironmenthavebeemoreobviousinrecentyears,leadingtoamovementtopromoteenergyefficiency(效率),lessrelianceonfossil(化石)fuels,andareductioninairandwaterpollution.Mostscientistsagreethatsuchchangesarenecessarytoprotectourenvironm
2、entfromfurtherharm.Theconstructionindustryconsumesalargequantityofenergyandresourcesandcreatesahugeamountofpollution.IntheUnitedStates,buildinganddevelopmentaccountfor39%ofthecountry’stotalenergyuse,12%oftotalwaterconsumption,68%oftotalelectricityconsumptionand38%ofcarbo
3、ndioxideemissions(二氧化碳排放),accordingtotheEnvironmentProtectionAgency.Greenbuildingsuselessenergy,water,createlesswaste,andarehealthiertolive,work,andgotoschoolinthanstandardbuildings.Buildersofgreenbuildingsusetechniquesthatuseresourcesmoreefficientlyduringtheentirebuildi
4、ngcycle—construction,restoration,operation,maintenance(维护)anddemolition(拆毁)—thanthosewhoconstructmoreregularbuildings.Theenvironmentalbenefitsofbuildinggreenincludetheprotectionofecosystems(生态系统)andbiodiversity,improvedairandwaterquality,lesswasteflowingintostreams,andth
5、eprotectionofnaturalresources.Greenbuildingscanalsoresultinloweroperatingcostsbecausetheytypicallyuselessenergyandfewermaterialsandimproveindoorairquality,improvingthehealthofpeoplewholiveinsuchbuildings.Theprocessofbuildinggreenincludestechnicalandartisticplanningwithna
6、tureprotectioninmind.Buildingdesignsoftenreflectthesurroundingenvironmentandnaturalresourcesanduserenewablebuildingmaterialssuchasbambooandstraw.Inaddition,recycledresourcesfoundlocallyareusedforgreenbuildings,reducingthecostandairpollutionassociatedwithtransportingmater
7、ialsoverlongdistances.Carefulsiteselectionisimportanttominimize(最小化)humanimpactonthesurroundingenvironment.Forexample,placingastructureinanareathatallowsittotakeadvantageofcoolbreezes(微风)andsunlightcanreduceenergyuseandexpenses.Moreenergyandexpenseareneededforlargerbuild
8、ingsaswell,soitisimportanttobuildsmall.Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandco