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ID:47709165
大小:37.00 KB
页数:6页
时间:2020-01-20
《西方文化导论_课后习题答案》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、......(1)GiveabriefaccountofthemajorachievementsofGreekculture,suchasthoseinreligion,philosophy,literatureandscience.GreekreligionreallytookshapeduringtheHomericAgeandfeaturedpolytheismwithgodstakinghumanformandfeeling.GreekreligionmadeagreatcontributiontoGreekliterature,philosoph
2、yandart.ItisanimportantoriginofGreekmythologywhichwasfullydevelopedbythereligioustalesoftheHomericepicandthusaffectedthelaterdevelopmentofallkindsofGreekculture.GreekphilosophystartedwithThales(640BC–547BC)whobelievedthatthematerialworldoriginatedinwater.Hisphilosophywasmaterialis
3、m.HewasfollowedbyPythagoraswhoassumedthatthekeytotheunderstandingoftheworldisnumbers,ontheoppositionofthespokesmanforidealism.ThecoreGreekphilosophersareSocrates,PlatoandAristotle.Socrateshadscantregardformaterialwealth,butwaskeenonprobingintothedefinitionofsomeethicalandbehaviora
4、lissues,suchas“friendship”and“courage”.PlatoestablishedtheAcademy-thefirstGreekinstitutionofhigherlearning.Hiscontributionsincludedhistheoryofideasandhisargumentson“republic”whichwassupposedtoembracehisidealsaboutafuturestatewherehumanscouldenjoyahappylife.Aristotleis alsoalearned
5、manandhisworkcoverswide-rangingareas.Hisreputationasaphilosopherlargelydependsonhisargumentonmetaphysicswhichhetriedtoachieveacompromisebetweenmatteranddivinity.LiteraryrepresentationcentredroundthetwoepicpoemsoftheIliadandtheOdyssey,lyricalpoetrybySapphoandPindaranddramabyAeschyl
6、us,Euripidesand专业word可编辑.......Aristophanes.TheirworkscombinedGreekmythsandsociallifeandwonmuchappreciationandenthusiasmfromthepublic.InsciencethemathematicianEuclidestablishedplanegeometryandArchimedesdiscoveredtheratioofradiusofacircleandtherelationshipbetweenthevolumeandsurface
7、ofasphere.(2)WhatdoyouthinkoftheinfluenceGreekculturehasexertedonWesterncivilizationasawhole?Giveexamples.GreekcultureisoftentermedthecradleoftheWesterncivilizationandhashadanenormousimpactonWesternculture.Thespecificcontributionsarefoundintheareasofphilosophy,politics,literature,
8、art,scienceandarchitecture.Greekp
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