资源描述:
《4高中英语语法之定语从句专项练习题》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、定语从句语法归纳及练习一、基本概念(一)定语从句在复合句中作定语,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。(二)先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下,定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。(三)关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切,因此紧跟先行词,并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词冇:who,whom,which,that和whose,另外,as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有:when,where和why。在定
2、语从句屮充当状语。二、关系代词的用法(一)基本用法根据先行词的不同,和在从句中所充当的成分不同,选用不同的关系代词。如下表:先行从句成关系词例句备注词分Doyouknowthemanwhoistalking主语,宾who人withyourmother?语whom,which和that在从句Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomI关系中做宾语吋,常可以省略,但amworking代词介词提前时后面关系代词不能whom人宾语Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedin省略,也不可以用t
3、hatthewa匸Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.whose人,物定语Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismyclassmate.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.主语,宾that人,物Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwantto语seeverymuch.Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.主语,宾which物Thepicturewhichwasaboutthe语a
4、ccidentwasterrible.Heissuchapersonasisrespectedby主语,宾allofus.as人,物as做宾语一般不省略语ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.例如:(注意关系代词在定语从句屮所充当的成分)1Doyouknowtheprofessorwho/thatwillgiveusaspeechnextweek^(作主i吾)2Ireadareportabouthisnewnovelthat/whichwillsoonhepublished.
5、(作主语)3Theplanlhat/whichtheyarguedaboutwassettledatlast.(作宾语)4Thisisthenewsecretary(who/whom/that)Iwouldliketointroducetoyou.(作宾语)5Thesoldierw/zo%legswerebadlywoundedwasoperatedonwithoutdelay.(作定语)注意:关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略,充当主语时则不能。(见上例③④)(―)关系代词that代替which的
6、一些情况which,that在代替物时,一般可以通用。但在有些情况下,只用thato(1)先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如:1Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.2Englishisthemostdifficultsubjectthatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.⑵先行词是序数词,或它前面有一个序数词时。例如:1Thisisthelastplace(也af)Iwanttovisit.2Itisth
7、efirstAmericanmovieofthiskindthatVveeverseen・⑶先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等代词时。例如:1Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.2Wehaverftgotmuchthatwecanofferyou・⑷先行词前面有theonly,thevery,any,few,little,no,all,much,every等修饰时。例如:1Theonlyt
8、hingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.2Thelittlemoney(that)hehadwasstolen.(三)宜用who,而不用that的一些情况(1)先行词是one,ones,anyone时。例如:1OnewhohasnothingtofearforoneselfAQTQStotellthetruth.2Dorfttellanyoneaboutthenewswhooughtn'ttoknowit.⑵