高中英语定语从句详细讲解与练习题

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1、......高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ.概念：(1)定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。(2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词的作用：1)引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2)必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）常用的关系代词:that、which、who、whom、as,在从句中作主语，宾语，whose定

2、语)常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）:when、why、whereThestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasJohn.Iknowthereasonwhyhewassoangry.Theboy(whom)youaretalkingtoismybrother.I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。Ⅱ.几个关系代词的基本用法：

3、●that:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语)如：参考材料......1.Doyouknowthegentlemanthat/whospokejustnow?2.Youcantakeanything(that)youlike.3.Whatisthequestion(that/which)theyaretalkingabout?4.Hereistheman(who/whom/that)

4、youwanttosee.5.She'snolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobebefore.●which:指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如：1.Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.2.Thebook(which/that)Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.3.Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisfarfromhere.●who,whom,w

5、hose:who:主格,在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语;只可指人whom:宾格，在从句中作宾语;只可指人whose:属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。1.Ilikethestudentswho/thatworkhard.2.Allwhoheardthestorywereamazed.(代词如he,they,any,those,all,one等后多用who.)3.He'samanfromwhomweshouldlearn.=He'saman(whom/who/that)weshouldle

6、arnfrom.4.Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.5.I'dlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.=I'dlikearoomofwhichthewindowfacessouth.=I'dlikearoomthewindowofwhichfacessouth.关系代词作介词宾语：（介词+whom/which）参考材料......关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时,介词可放于从句之首,也可放于从句之末.但以放于句首较为正式.（介词

7、前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。）1.Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.=Thisisthebook(that/which)youaskedfor.2.DoyouknowthepersonwithwhomIshookhands？=Doyouknowtheperson(whom/who/that)Ishookhandswith?3.Isthisthefactorytowhichyoupaidavisitlastweek?4.Isthisfactorytheonetowhich

8、youpaidavisitlastweek?5.Thisisthegirlwhomtheyarelookingafter.(介词after与look构成固定词组，不可前置。lookat,lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等)●as的用法:(as引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)①如为限制性的，多用于thesame…as;thesameas；such…as…;asmany/muchas；so…as等结构中。如