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1、期末考复习【重点语法】一、被动语态 1. 被动语态基本结构:be+及物动词的过去分词 (如果是不用物动词,其过去分词应带有相应的介词) 2. 被动语态中的be 是助动词,有人称、数和时态的变化。 一般现在时被动语态为: 一般过去时被动语态为:一般将来时的被动语态:现在完成时的被动语态:与情态动词连用的被动语态: 3. 被动语态中作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语,放在句 末,by 表示“由,被”的意思()1.People'sRepublicofChina__onOctober1
2、,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2.English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()3ThisEnglishsong__bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.i
3、smade()5Computers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused()6Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()7-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold()8Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A
4、.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()9Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()10Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed二、定语从句1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫_________.被修饰的词叫________
5、_. 定语从句放在先行词的____面。 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。2.关系代词 在从句中的作用 指人或物 that 作主语或宾语 指人或物 which 作主语或宾语 指物或人(可与that互换) who 作主语指人(可与that互换)whom 作宾语 指人 7whose 是who的所有格,作后面名词的定语 指人或物 3.当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词的单复数决定。 4. 定语从句的关系代词只能用that而不用which的几种情况: (
6、1)当先行词是anything,everything,nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等不定代词,或由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时。如: (2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。如: (3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如: (4)当名词被the very, the only, the same, the last 等修饰时。如: (5)当先行词前面有who, which等
7、疑问代词时。如: (6)当先行词既有人,又有物时。( )1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. this ( )2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. /( )3. The girl ____
8、_ you saw in the street is Mary. A. that B. whose C. which D. as ( )4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. which C. who D. whom ( )5. Is this factory _____