GMAT GWD 阅读总结

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1、Q4toQ6:Priorto1965geologistsassumedthatthetwogiantrockplatesmeetingattheSanAndreasFaultgenerateheatLinethroughfrictionastheygrindpasteach(5)other,butin1965Henyeyfoundthattemperaturesindrillholesnearthefaultwerenotaselevatedashadbeenexpected.Somegeologistswonderedwhether

2、theabsenceof(10)friction-generatedheatcouldbeexplainedbythekindsofrockcom-posingthefault.Geologists’pre-1965assumptionsconcerningheatgen-eratedinthefaultwerebasedon(15)calculationsaboutcommonvarietiesofrocks,suchaslimestoneandgranite;but“weaker”materials,suchasclays,had

3、alreadybeenidentifiedinsamplesretrievedfromthefaultzone.Under(20)normalconditions,rockscomposedofclayproducefarlessfrictionthandootherrocktypes.In1992Byerleetestedwhetherthesematerialswouldproducefriction(25)10to15kilometersbelowtheEarth’ssurface.Byerleefoundthatwhencla

4、ysamplesweresubjectedtothethou-sandsofatmospheresofpressuretheywouldencounterdeepinsidethe(30)Earth,theyproducedasmuchfrictionaswasproducedbyotherrocktypes.Theharderrockspushagainsteachother,thehottertheybecome;inotherwords,pressureitself,notonlythe(35)rocks’properties,

5、affectsfrictionalheating.Geologiststhereforewon-deredwhetherthefrictionbetweentheplateswasbeingreducedbypocketsofpressurizedwaterwithinthefaultthatpushtheplatesawayfromeachother.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q4:Thepassag

6、esuggestswhichofthefollowingregardingHenyey’sfindingsabouttemperatureintheSanAndreasFault?A.ScientistshaveyettoformulateadefinitiveexplanationforHenyey’sfindings.B.RecentresearchsuggeststhatHenyey’sexplanationforthefindingsshouldbemodified.C.Henyey’sfindingshadtoberecal

7、culatedinlightofByerlee’s1992experiment.D.Henyey’sfindingsprovidedsupportforanassumptionlongheldbygeologists.E.ScientistshavebeenunabletoduplicateHenyey’sfindingsusingmorerecentexperimentalmethods.Q5:ThepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithA.evaluatingamethodusedtotestapartic

8、ularscientifichypothesisB.discussingexplanationsforanunexpectedscientificfindingC.examiningtheassumptionsunder