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1、构词法知识Derivation派生法Blending 混成法/拼缀法Clipping 截成法Acronym 首字母缩略词Reduplication 重叠法掌握基本的构词法知识，对于正确地识记单词，扩大词汇量，提高记忆速度和记忆效果，培养自学能力，具有非常重要的意义。Conversion 转化法Compounding 合成法Abbreviation 缩略法一、Compound合成法把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词的方法叫做合成法1.方法1）.直接写在一起。2）.用连字符(-)连接。3）.由两个分开的词构成。2.复合形容词的构成方式例词形容词＋形容词red-hot____
2、__，bitter-sweet,dark-blue形容词＋名词first-class,full-time,part-time,second-hand,bare-foot形容词＋现在分词good-looking,free-thinking,hard-working形容词＋过去分词ready-made形容词＋名词-edgood-tempered,middle-aged,cold-blooded名词＋名词-ediron-willed名词＋形容词world-famous，snow-white,seasick，lifelong名词＋现在分词beauty-loving,freedom-lo
3、ving,job-hunting,time-saving名词＋过去分词man-made,water-covered,snow-covered,hand-made副词＋形容词ever-green,over-sensitive副词＋现在分词hard-working,far-seeing，far-reaching,well-meaning副词＋过去分词well-prepared,quickly-cured,well-known20数词＋名词five-year,数词＋名词+形容词five-year-old,six-inch-tall数词＋名词-edfour-legged,six-sto
4、ried,two-faced,four-cornered2.复合名词的构成。方式例词名词＋名词horseback,newspaper,cell-phone形容词＋名词back-yard,forehead，greenhouse,blackboard动名词＋名词hiding-place,reading-room动词＋副词get-off,break-in,breakdown,breakup副词＋动词output,overflow动词＋名词pickpocket,副词＋名词overcoat,inland代词＋名词he-goat,she-wolf名词＋介词＋名词editor-in-chie
5、f,father-in-law3.其他复合词的构成。方式例词复合动词名词＋动词day-dream，sun-bathe副词＋动词overcome,outgrow过度成长；形容词＋动词white-wash白色涂料,复合副词名词+名词sideways斜着名词+副词headfirst形容词+名词meanwhile20介词+名词Beforehand事先复合代词代词宾格或物主代词+self(selves)himself,ourselves某些不定代词+body(one,thing)everyone(everybody,everything),nobody(noone,nothing)二、转
6、化法Conversion英语中有些单词,词形不变,词性却可以由一种转化成另一种。一个单词由某一种词类转用为另一种词类,这就是转化。单词转换后的意义往往与未转换前的意义有密切的联系。1.转化方式1).名词和动词之间的转化Taste:Ithasagoodtaste.Ittasteverygood.record:Hebroketherecord.Heliestorecordsomethingwhilereadingabook.名词转化为动词形容词转化为动词名词转化为形容词副词转换为动词telephone电话→_______slow慢的→______front前面→前面的down向下→
7、击倒hand手→交给warm暖的→使温暖black黑色→黑色的back向后→后退record录音→记录empty空的→倒空noble贵族→高贵的up向上→_____date日期→定日期better较好→_____key钥匙→_____name名字→命名cool凉爽→_____face脸→_____动词转化为名词动词转化为形容词形容词转化为名词一些形容词前加the后转换为名词20drink喝→_____perfect使完善→完美的chief主要的→_____thewounded受伤的人们stu
