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1、一．Trueorfalse判断题:1Linguisticscanbedefinedasthescientificstudyofaparticularlanguage.()2Languageisarbitrarybynaturebutitisnotcompletelyarbitrary.()3Itisgenerallybelievedthatmodernlinguisticsismostlydescriptive,diachronic,andemphaticonwriting.()4Animalsarebornwiththecapacitytoproducethese
2、tofcallspeculiartotheirspecies,whilehumanbeingsdonnothavethisgeneticbasis.()5Animalscannottalkaboutthethingsexceptthoseaboutfood,danger,enemy,etc.becausethecommunicativesignalsofanimalsdonnothavethepropertyofdisplacement.()6Wecanusetheword“word”totalkaboutaword,wecantalkabout“talk”,wec
3、anthinkabout“thinking”,thisshowsthatlanguagehasametalingualfunction.()7WhensomeonebreaksabowloraplateonaspecialoccasioninChinathepeoplepresentarelikelytosay“suisuiping’an”(everyyearbesafeandhappy)asameansofcontrollingthemagicforceswhichthebelieversfeelitmightaffecttheirlives.Thisshowst
4、hatlanguagehasaninterpersonalfunction.()8Languageistheinstrumentofthought,recordoffacts,andpeopleoftenfeelneedtospeaktheirthoughtsaloud.Thisindicatesthatlanguagehasanexpressivefunction.()9Ababy’sbabbling,widespreaduseofverbaldueling,poetrywritingaswellasself-singingallshowthatlanguagec
5、anbeusedtoamusethespeakers.()10Thedichotomy“etic”and“emic”isbynatureinacontrastofbeingconcreteandabstract,andcanbegeneralizedintoawideruseoflinguisticresearchinacomplementarywayintermsofmethodology.()1.F2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.F9.T10.T1.Phoneticsstudiesthephonicmediumofaparticularlanguage.
6、()2.Phonologyaimstodiscoverhowspeechsoundsofallhumanlanguagesformpatternsandhowthesesoundsareusedtoconveymeaninginlinguisticcommunication.()3.InEnglish,pillandbillformaminimalpair,andsodolifeandknife,pinandping.()4.TheEnglishliquidsare[w]and[j],whiletheEnglishglidesare[l]and[r].()5.The
7、Englishvowel[u:]canbedescribeascentral,close,rounded,andlong,and[u]central,close,rounded,andshort.()6.Thephoneme/t/and/d/canoccurinthesamepositionandtheydistinguishmeaning,thereforetheyaresaidtobeincomplementarydistribution.()7.ThedistinctivefeaturesinEnglishcanapplytotheotherlanguag
