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1、实用文档Unit1AbriefintroductiontointernationaltradeKeyI.Answermyquestions1.Internationaltradeisbusinesswhoseactivitiesinvolvethecrossingofnationalborders.Itincludesnotonlyinternationaltradeandforeignmanufacturingbutalsoencompassesthegrowingservicesindustryinareassuchastransportation,tourism
2、,banking,advertising,construction,retailing,wholesaling,andmasscommunications.Itincludesallbusinesstransactionsthatinvolvetwoormorecountries.Suchbusinessrelationshipmaybeprivateorgovernmental.2.Salesexpansion,resourceacquisitionanddiversificationofsalesandsupplies.3.Togainprofit.4.Tosee
3、joutforeignmarketsandprocurement.5.Therearefourmajorformswhicharethefollowing:MerchandiseexportsandImports,ServiceExportsandImports,InvestmentandMultinationalEnterprise.6.Itistheaccountwhichisasummarystatementoftheflowofallinternationaleconomicandfinancialtransactionsbetweenonenation(eg
4、.theUnitedStates)andtherestoftheworldoversomeperiodoftime,usuallyoneyear.7.MerchandiseExportingandImporting.8.Yes.Therearegreatdifferencesbetweenthem.1)directinvestmenttakesplacewhencontrolfollowstheinvestment.Itusuallymeanshighcommitmentofcapital,personnel,andtechnologyabroad.Itaimsatg
5、ainingofforeignresourcesandforeignmarkets.Directinvestmentmayoftengethigherforeignsalesthanexporting.Andsometimesitinvolvestwoormoreparties.2)Whileportfolioinvestmentsarenotundercontrol.Andtheyareusedprimarilyforfinancialpurposes.Treasuresofcompanies,forexample,routinelymorefundsfromone
6、countrytoanothertogetahigheryieldonshortterminvestments.9.MNEistheabbreviationofthemultinationalenterprise.ItssynonymsareNNC(themultinationalcorporation)andTNC(transnationalcorporation).10.Examplesaretravel,transport,fee,royalties,dividendsandinterest.11.Thechoiceofformsisinfluencedbyth
7、eobjectivebeingpursuedandtheenvironmentsinwhichthecompanymustoperate.12.Itislimitedbythenumberofpeopleinterestedinafirm’sproductsandservicesandbycustomers’capacitytomakepurchase.13.Thisisbecauseatanearlystageofinternationalinvolvementtheseoperationsusuallytaketheleastcommitment
