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1、正误辨析 [误]Tom's mother is taller than my. [正]Tom's mother is taller than mine. [析]形容词性物主代词可以作定语,也就是讲它可以作形容词,如:my book,而这句话的意思是:汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。比较的对象是my mother,也就是mine。 [误]wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishthem.[正]wehavealotofhomeworktodotoda
2、y.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishit.[析]在应用代词时,要注意人称,格与数的一致性。这里it所代替的是不可数名词homework, 所以应用it。 [误]He and you should go to the library to return the books. [正]You and he should go to the library to return the books. [析]这主要是英语习惯上的用法。当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为you, he, she,
3、 I,而复数时为we, you, they:如男女并列时,应先男后女,如:He and she „如果在表示不好意思,承担责任时,单数时用,I, he, she, you, 复数时用They, you, we, 如:Tom and I are good friends. You, he and I must go to play the game for our team this afternoon. We, you and they have been there before. I, he and you hav
4、e to pay for it. [误]He or his brother is doing their homework. [正]He or his brother is doing his homework. [析]由either…or, neither…nor, or 连接两个主语时,如果两主语是单数时,用单数代词,如两主语是复数时,用复数代词,如:Either teachers or students want to do their best to help the old man.如是一单一复两名词时,一般
5、将单数名词放在前,复数名词放在后,要用复数代词,如:The teacher or his students will clean their classroom together. [误]His brother is taller than him. [正]His brother is taller than he. [析]than是连词,其后应视为省略句,than he is.所以要注意区分其主格与宾格的用法。 [误]I like you as much as she. [正]I like you as much a
6、s her. [析]as…as 其后也应看作是省略句。应为as I like her.所以应用宾格。而第一句应译为我像她那样喜欢你。两句语法都是对的但含义不同。 [误]Myself did it yesterday. [正]I myself did it yesterday. [正]I did it myself yesterday. [析]反身代词不可作主语,但可以用作主语的同位语。 [误]Take care of ourselves. [正]Take care of yourselves .(yourself)
7、[析]祈始句的主语应看作第二人称you. [误]Please bring your daughter with yourself. [正]Please bring your daughter with you. [析]反身代词不能作介词宾语,除非是由不及物动词与介词组成的动词短语,如: The old woman spoke to herself. [误]Make yourself home. [正]Make yourself at home. [析]这是英语中的习惯用法,意为“像在家里一样”。这样的用法还有: en
8、joy oneself 玩得开心make yourself at home 像在家中一样 help yourself to something 自己拿某物lost oneself 迷路 seat oneself 就坐dress oneself 穿衣 [误]— Who's this speaking.— That's Mary. [