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1、语法讲解——现在完成时(PresentPerfectTense)结构主语+have/has+done(动词过去分词)用法1、表示发生过的动作,并对现在有影响。常与already,just,recently,ever,never,before等表示不确定时间的时间状语连用。lMom,Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkalready!MayIwatchfootballmatchnow?lMymotherhascleanedourroomalready.It’sveryclean.2、表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
2、此时,句中谓语动词通常是延续性动词,且常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如thesedays,allthisyear,recently,for+一段时间,since+具体时间.lIhavelearnedEnglishforalmost10years.lIhavelearnedEnglishsince10yearsago.注意:下列的短暂动词,即非延续性动词(die,borrow,buy,join,leave,come,go,start,finish,become等),不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。可以说:Hehasalreadyd
3、ied.Hehasjustcome.不可以说:Hehasdiedfortwoyears.Hehascomeforanhour.只能说:Hehasbeendeadfortowyears.Hehasbeenhereforanhour.辨别特殊句型一、区别havebeen(to)和havegone(to)lhavebeen(to)指“曾经到过某地”,说话时此人很可能不在那里或已经回来,侧重指经历;-Haveyouever______________Qingdao?-Yes,Ihave.Iwenttherelastyear.lhaveg
4、one(to)指“已经去了某地”,说话时此人在那里,或可能在路上,反正不在这里。–Where’syourfather?–Oh,he______________Shanghaionbusiness.He’llbebackinoneweek.二、区别havebeento和havebeeninhavebeento表示去过某地(次数),havebeenin表示呆在某地(时间)1.Hehas________________theUSAthreetimes.2.ImovedtoBeijingfouryearsago.SoIhave_____
5、______Beijingfor4years.现在完成时VS一般过去时1、表示过去某时发生的动作或情况,与现在毫无关系.当有一个表示过去某时的状语时,不能用现在完成时,而多用一般过去时。IsawMaryanhourago.Shelostherhandbagyesterday.2、现在完成时强调动作或事情发生在过去,但它强调的却是与现在的关系,用来说明现在的情况.一直延续到现在,而且还有可能继续延续下去;而一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或事情。Ihavetaughtthisclassfortenyears.(还在教)Itaugh
6、tthisclassfortwoyears.(曾教过两年,现在不教了)试着区别一下这两种时态:A:_______youever______(see)thefilmHarryPotter?B:Yes,I________.Itisveryinteresting.A:When______you______it?B:I______itsixyearsago.A:Where______you______it?B:I________itattheNanguoCinema.练习:写出下面动词的过去式和过去分词dogowriteam/isvis
7、itwatchreadtravelbuystudygetkeepmaketeachfindhangridesiteatflypaysayliespeaktellhearwinknowdrivethinkhurtswimleavetakecostspend选用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGre
8、enhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttime.单选:()1.He___