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1、中国粳稻核心种质耐低磷性的鉴定与筛选穆平黃超I李自超】(1中国农业大学农业部作物基因组学与遗传改良重点实验室/北京市作物遗传改良实验室,北京100193;2青岛农业人学生命科学学院,山东青岛266109)摘要鉴定粳稻耐低磷种质资源对我国粳稻耐低磷育种和耐低磷遗传研究具冇重要意义。在川间低磷和正常施磷条件下,以单株和对籽粒产量为指标,对來自屮国东北、华北、西北、华屮、西南稻区的356份粳稻核心种质进行了耐低磷性鉴定。结呆表明:东北稻区的平均相对籽粒产量放高,达0.81;华北稻区的相对籽粒产量最低。筛选岀76个耐低磷材
2、料44个低磷敏感材料和236个中间类型材料;东北稻区耐低磷材料所占比例最高,西北稻区最低。关键词水稻;核心种质;耐低磷;筛选Screeningandidentificationfortolerancetolowphosphorusstressofjaponicarice(OryzasativaL.)corecollectioninChinaMUPingb2,HUANGChao1,LIZichao1(1.KeyLaboratoryofCropGenomicsandGeneticImprovementofMinistr
3、yofAgriculture/BeijingKeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticImprovement,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100193,China;2.CollegeofLifeSciences,QingdaoAgriculturalUniversity,Qingdao266109,China)AbstractIdentificationofthetolerancetolowphosphorusofjaponicariceresourcesissi
4、gnificanttoricebreedingandgeneticresearchontolerancetolowphosphorus.Usingtheratioofplantyieldcultivatedunderlowphosphorusconditiontothatundernormalcondition,thejaponicaricecorecollectioncompring356varietieswereidentifiedandscreenedunderthelowandnormalphosphoru
5、scultivatedfieldconditions・ThejaponicaricecorecollectionwassampledfromNortheastChinaricedistrict,Huabeiricedistrict,NorthwestChinaricedistrict,HuazhongricedistrictandSouthwestChinaricedistrict.TheresultindicatedthattheNortheastChinaricedistricthasthehighestmea
6、nrelativeplantyieldof0.81.Huabeiricedistricthasthelowestmeanrelativeplantyield.Accordingtorelativeplantyield,76varietieswithtolerancetolowphosphoms,44varietieswithsensitivetolowphosphorusand236mediumtypevarietieswereidentified.Consideringthepercentageofmateria
7、lswithtolerancetolowphosphorus,NortheastChinaricedistricthasthehighestpercentageandNorthwestChinaricedistricthasthelowestpercentage・Keywordsjaponicarice;corecollection;tolerancetolowphosphorus;scrccning北方农牧交错带不同退耕方式下土壤水分变化特征紫檀I潘志华】安萍莉】潘学标I妥德宝2赵沛义2(1.中国农业大学资源与环
8、境学院,北京100193;2.内蒙古农牧业科学院植物营养与分析研究所,呼和浩特010031)摘要研究退耕还林、退耕还灌、退耕还草不同退耕方式对十•壤水环境的影响。结果表明:北方农牧交错带植被耗水主要靠降水满足;3种不同退耕方式的植被生冇期内土壤水分含量均随降水量而变化;土壤表层(0〜30cm)水分含量相差不大;在30〜100cm土层,林地土壤水分含量始终高于