EV电池充电技术概述

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1、IEEETRANSACTIONSONPOWERELECTRONICS,VOL.28,NO.5,MAY20122151ReviewofBatteryChargerTopologies,ChargingPowerLevels,andInfrastructureforPlug-InElectricandHybridVehiclesMuratYilmaz,Member,IEEE,andPhilipT.Krein,Fellow,IEEEAbstractThispaperreviewsthecurrentstatusandimplemen-IntheU.S.,anofficialdomesticgoa

2、lofputtingonemilliontationofbatterychargers,chargingpowerlevels,andinfrastruc-EVsontheroadby2015hasbeenestablished,andpublicpoli-tureforplug-inelectricvehiclesandhybrids.Chargersystemsciestoencourageelectrificationhavebeenimplementedbygov-arecategorizedintooff-boardandon-boardtypeswithunidirec-ern

3、mentsatalllevels[4].Severalorganizations,suchasIEEE,tionalorbidirectionalpowerflow.Unidirectionalcharginglimitshardwarerequirementsandsimplifiesinterconnectionissues.Bidi-theSocietyofAutomotiveEngineers(SAE),andtheInfrastruc-rectionalchargingsupportsbatteryenergyinjectionbacktothetureWorkingCouncil

4、(IWC),arepreparingstandardsandcodesgrid.Typicalon-boardchargersrestrictpowerbecauseofweight,withrespecttotheutility/customerinterface.EVshaveyettospace,andcostconstraints.Theycanbeintegratedwiththeelec-gainwideacceptance.Threeimportantbarriersincludethehightricdrivetoavoidtheseproblems.Theavailab

5、ilityofchargingcostandcyclelifeofbatteries,complicationsofchargers,andinfrastructurereduceson-boardenergystoragerequirementsandcosts.On-boardchargersystemscanbeconductiveorinductive.thelackofcharginginfrastructure.AnotherdrawbackisthatAnoff-boardchargercanbedesignedforhighchargingratesandbatteryc

6、hargerscanproducedeleteriousharmoniceffectsonislessconstrainedbysizeandweight.Level1(convenience),Level2electricutilitydistributionsystems[5],[6],althoughchargers(primary),andLevel3(fast)powerlevelsarediscussed.Futureas-withanactiverectifierfrontendcanmitigatethisimpact.pectssuchasroadbedcharginga

7、represented.VariouspowerlevelMostEVchargingcantakeplaceathomeovernightinachargersandinfrastructureconfigurationsarepresented,com-pared,andevaluatedbasedonamountofpower,chargingtimegaragewheretheEVcanbepluggedintoaconven