喷雾冷却系统启动性能的实验研究

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1、V01．19No．1航天器工程第19卷第1期!!量呈垒呈兰呈曼垒兰三星墼鱼!垒兰兰垦!些鱼!!!!篁!星ExperimentalInvestigationonStartupPerformanceofSprayCoolingSystemLI(BeijingInstituteofSpacecraftLiMiaoJianyinSystemEngineering，Beijing100094，China)Abstract：Closed-loopspraycoolingexperimentshadbeenperformedtoinv

2、estigatethespraycoolingstar—ingperformanceandmechanics，whichisthepreconditionoftwo-phasefluidloop’Sworking．Theexperi—mentalsystemmainlyconsistsofpump，atomizeronairpressure，heaterandcondenser．Transienttemper—atureandpressurethroughoutthefluidloopwereacquiredtoanal

3、yzetheinfluencingfactorsofthede—signedspraycoolingloop．Someconclusionscanbegottenaboutthestartingsequenceofpump，heatsinkandheaterandtheinfluenceofliquid—gasdistributioninthespraychamberbeforethestartupofthisspraycoolingsystem．Keywords：spraycooling；startup；heater；

4、heatsink；pressurehead喷雾冷却系统启动性能的实验研究李丽苗建印(北京空间飞行器总体设计部，北京100094)摘要喷雾冷却系统是典型的两相回路系统，其正常工作的前提是顺利启动。为了研究喷雾冷却系统的运行特性和性能，搭建了闭式喷雾冷却实验台并开展了相关研究，系统中的关键部件为齿轮泵、喷嘴、加热器和冷凝器等。实验中对喷雾腔内的液滴聚集现象进行了观察，动态测量了系统沿程的压力和温度分布。通过对实验结果的分析归纳出了影响系统启动和运行的关键因素，给出泵、热沉和加热器启动的合理顺序以及启动前喷雾腔内液体积聚状态对

5、启动性能的影响。关键词喷雾冷却启动加热器热沉压差中图分类号：TKl21文献标志码：A文章编号：1673-874812010)01—0012—051IntroductionTodissipateheatfluxfromcurrentandfuturehighpowerdirectedenergydevicesforspacebasedapplications，advancedthermalmanagementap—proachesshouldbeadaptabletohighheatfluxac—quisitionandh

6、ighheatratetransportinspaceen—viroment[¨．Directcoolingbymeansofsprayhasbeenconsideredasaneffectivesolutiontotheproblemofcoolinghighpowerdensitydirectedca-ergydevicessincethemethodiscapableofveryhighheatremovalrate(higherthan500W／era2forwater)althoughthespraycooli

7、ngsystemfortheaerospaceapplicationisalittlecomplicated[2]．Althoughspraycoolinghaslongbeenem—ployedinthequenchingofmetals【引．itisnotap—plicabletocoolingspacecraftinstrumentsuntilthelastdecade．Anexperimentalpackageofsingle-phasespraycoolingsystemwasfabricatedforvari

8、ablegravityflighttests，whichwasflownonNASAKC-135Reduced—GravityResearchAircraft[4别．Flighttestdataandterrestrialdatawerecomparedwithana一收稿日期：2009—04—15；修回日期：200