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1、Let’slearnaboutMarkTwainMarkTwain(1835 –1910)BriefintroductionPennameEarlylifeTravelsMarriageandchildrenLaterlifeMarkTwain’ssayingInfluenceHumorThebriefintroductionofMarkTwainSamuelLanghorneClemens(November30,1835–April21,1910),betterknownbyhispennameMarkTwain,wasanAmericanwriter,journalist,a
2、ndhumoristwhowonawonderfulaudienceforhisstoriesoftheyouthfuladventuresofTomSawyerandHuckleberryFinnHewasnamedof“themirrorofAmerica”Hewasverypopular,andhiskeenwitandincisivesatireearnedpraisefromcriticsandpeers.uponhisdeath,hewaslaudedasthegreatestAmericanhumoristofhisage.WilliamFaulknercalled
3、himthefatherofAmericanliteratureThebriefintroductionofMarkTwainPenname马克·吐温”是其最常使用的笔名，一般认为这个笔名是源自其早年水手术语，马克·吐温的意思是：水深12英尺，萨缪尔（即“马克·吐温”）曾当过领航员，与其伙伴测量水深时，他的伙伴叫道“MarkTwain!”，意思是“两个标记”，亦即水深两浔（1浔约1.8米），这是轮船安全航行的必要条件.还有一个原因是，他的船长塞勒斯，曾是位德高望重的领航员，不时为报纸写些介绍密西西比河掌故的小品，笔名“马克·吐温”。1859年，塞勒斯船长发表了一篇预测新奥尔良市将
4、被水淹没的文章。调皮的萨缪尔决定拿他开个玩笑，就模仿他的笔调写了一篇非常尖刻的讽刺小品。谁知这篇游戏文章竟深深刺痛了老船长的心，老船长从此弃笔不写，“马克·吐温”这个笔名也从此在报纸上销声匿迹了。 四年后，当上记者的萨缪尔得悉塞勒斯船长谢世的噩耗，为自己当年的恶作剧追悔不已，决心弥补这一过失，于是他继承了“马克·吐温”这个笔名，并以此开始了他的写作生涯。SamuelLanghorneClemenswasborninFlorida,MissourionNovember30,1835,toaTennesseecountrymerchantEarlyLifeHehadsevenbrot
5、hersandsisters.Hewasthesixthofhisfamily.Hisfatherwasalocallawyer.WhenTwainwasfour,hismotherdied,thefamilymovedtoHannibal,MissouriaporttownontheMississippiRiverAtthattime,Missouriwasaslavestate,andyoungTwainbecamefamiliarwiththeinstitutionofslavery,athemehewouldlaterexploreinhiswriting.whenTwa
6、inwas11,hisfatherdiedofpneumonia.Thenextyear,hebecameaprinter'sapprentice.In1851,hebeganworkingasatypesetterandcontributorofarticlesandhumoroussketchesfortheHannibalJournalWhenhewas18,heleftHannibalandworkedasaprinterinNewYorkCity.Hejoinedtheunionandeducatedhimselfinpubliclibrariesintheevenin
7、gs,findingwidersourcesofinformationthanhewouldhaveataconventional(一般的）school.At22,TwainreturnedtoMissouri.HeworkedasariverpilotuntiltheAmericanCivilWarbrokeoutin1861andtrafficalongtheMississippiwascurtailed(缩减).TravelsTwainandhisbrothertravel
