机械设备运行可靠性评估的发展与思考_何正嘉

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1、第50卷第2期机械工程学报Vol.50No.22014年1月JOURNALOFMECHANICALENGINEERINGJan.2014DOI：10.3901/JME.2014.02.171*机械设备运行可靠性评估的发展与思考何正嘉曹宏瑞訾艳阳李兵(西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室西安710049)摘要：针对某台具体的机械设备进行运行可靠性评估是个性问题，基于大样本条件并依赖概率统计数据得到的平均可靠性难以满足个体设备的运行可靠性评估需求。归纳传统可靠性理论应用于机械设备运行可靠性评估时面临的问题，回顾相应的改进方法。阐述

2、以动态建模与故障机理分析、信号处理与故障特征提取为理论基础的机械设备运行可靠性的技术内涵，赋予运行可靠性新的含义，定义运行可靠度。提出基于机械设备状态信息的运行可靠性评估方法，通过建立设备运行状态信息与可靠性之间的映射模型，实现运行可靠度的计算。参考国际标准ISO3945，将评价回转机械运行状态的绝对振动量转换为量纲一的可靠度指标；对轴瓦松动维修前后两种状态下的汽轮发电机组、连续运行退化至失效状态下的滚动轴承分别进行运行可靠性评估，取得了良好效果。引出机械设备运行可靠性评估有待解决的问题，为后续研究提供参考。关键词：机械设备；故障机

3、理；特征提取；运行可靠性；运行可靠度中图分类号：TH17DevelopmentsandThoughtsonOperationalReliabilityAssessmentofMechanicalEquipmentHEZhengjiaCAOHongruiZIYanyangLIBing(StateKeyLaboratoryforManufacturingSystemsEngineering,Xi’anJiaotongUniversity,Xi’an710049)Abstract：Operationalreliabilityassessm

4、entofthespecifiedmechanicalequipmentisanindividualproblem.Theaveragereliability,obtainedbyusingprobabilitystatisticsmethodwithlargesampledata,cannotfulfilrequirementsofoperatingreliabilityevaluationforindividualequipment.Theemergedproblemsaresummarizedwhenthetraditiona

5、lreliabilitytheoryisappliedtooperationalreliabilityassessmentofmechanicalequipment,andcorrespondingimprovedmethodsarereviewed.Thetheoreticalbasisandtechnicalconnotationofoperationalreliabilityassessmentforindividualequipment,whichisbasedondynamicmodelling,faultmechanis

6、manalysis,signalprocessingandfaultfeatureextraction,areexpounded.Then,anewconceptofoperationalreliabilityisgivenandthedegreeofoperationalreliabilityisdefined.Anoperationalreliabilityassessmentapproachbasedonrunningconditioninformationofmechanicalequipmentisproposed.Map

7、pingmodelsbetweenrunningconditionandoperationalreliabilityisestablishedformechanicalequipmenttocalculatethedegreeofoperationalreliability.BasedonISO3945,absolutevibrationvalueswhichareusedtoevaluaterunningconditionofrotatingmachineryaretransformedtoreliabilitydegree.Th

8、eproposedmethodisappliedtoaturbogeneratorsetwithbearingbushloosenessbefore/afterrepair,androllingbearingswhichdegrade