隧道专业外语

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1、Part1Genera)words岩土工程Geotechnicalengineering基础工程Foundationengineering土soil9earth'土力学soilmechanics周期荷载cyclicloading卸载再加载reloading粘弹性地基viscoelasticfoundation粘滞阻尼viscousdamping剪切模量shearmodulus土动力学soildynamics应力路径stresspathPart2Typesofsoil残积土residualsoil地下水groundwater地下水位ground

2、waterlevel/groundwatertable粘土矿物clayminerals次生矿物secondaryminerals滑坡landslide钻孔柱状图boreholecolumnarsection工程地质勘察engineeringgeologicinvestigation漂石boulder卵石cobble砂石gravel砾砂gravellysand粗砂coarsesand中砂mediumsand细砂finesand粉土siltysand粘性土clayeysoil粘土粉质粘土siltyclay砂质粉土sandysilt粘质粉土clay

3、eysilt饱和土saturatedsoil非饱和土unsaturatedsoil填土filledsoilPart3Permeabilityandseepage达西定律Darcy'slaw管涌piping流土flowingsoil砂沸sandboiling流网flownet渗流seepage渗漏leakagestripfooting方形独立基础squarespreadfooting下卧层(土)underlyingsoil(stratum,strata)恒载/静载deadload持续荷载sustainedload活载liveload短期瞬时荷载

4、short-termtransientload长期荷载long-termtransientload折算荷载reducedload沉降settlement变形deformation套管casing堤(防)dike=dyke粘粒粒组clayfraction物理性质physicalproperties路基subgrade级配良好土well-gradedsoil级配不良土poorly-gradedsoil筛子sieve摩尔■库仑破坏条件Mohr-Coulombfailurecondition有限元法FEM=finiteelementmethod极限平

5、衡法limitequilibriummethod孔隙水压力渗透压力seepage(force)pressure渗透性permeability水力梯度hydraulicgradient渗透系数coefficientofpermeabilityPart4Deformationandstressoffoundation软土softsoil打入桩(负)摩阻力(negative)skinfrictionofdrivenpile有效应力effectivestress总应力totalstress十字板抗剪强度fieldvaneshearstrength低活

6、性lowactivity灵敏度sensitivity三轴试验triaxialtest基础设计foundationdesign再压缩recompaction承载力bearingcapacity土体soilmass接触压力contactpressure集中荷载concentratedload半无限弹性体asemi-infiniteelasticsolid均质homogeneous各向同性isotropic条基porewaterpressurebracedcuts先期固结压力支撑开挖prcconsolidationpressurebracedexc

7、avation压缩模量支撑挡板modulusofcompressibilitybracedsheeting压缩系数Part6Deepfoundationcoefticentofcompressibility桩基础压缩指数pilefoundationcompressionindex灌注桩回弹指数cast-in-placepileswellingindex沉管灌注桩自重应力divingcastingcast-in-placepilegcostaticstress钻孔桩附加应力boredpileadditionalstress机控异型灌注桩最终沉降

8、special-shapedcast-in-placepilefinalsettlement嵌岩灌注桩滑移线pilessetintorockslipline夯扩桩P