英语四级语法指导（精）

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1、2013年英语四级语法指导

2、倒装句精讲2.全部倒装和部分倒装：如果谓语在主语前面，就是倒装语序.倒装语序乂分为全部倒装和部分倒装.在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面：Herearesomeregisteredlettersforyou.Incameamanwithawhitebeard.在部分倒装的句了屮只是谓语屮的一部分（如助动词，情态动词，或系动词be等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍在主语后而：Undernocircumstancesmustasoldierleavehispost・Icouldn'tanswerthequ

3、estion.Norcouldanyoneelseinourclass・Onlyinthiswayisitpossibletoaccomplishtheabove-mentionedglorioustask.以neither,nor,so等开始的句了：由so引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人（或东西）的句子（肯定句），由neither,nor引起的表示前面所说情况也适用另一人（或东西）的句了（否定句），助动词或be置于主语前.“Wemuststartforthework-sitenowM.uSomustwe.51Iamquitew

4、illingtohelpandsoaretheothers・Hedidn'tdropanyhint.Nor（Neither）didhissecretary.Twon*tdosuchathing.”“Nor（Neither）willI.”如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，尽管是用so开头，语序也不要颠倒.Ttwascoldyesterday."uSoitwas."“TomorrowwillbeMonday.”“Soitwill.”当句首状语为never,little,notonly,notuntil,hardly,scarcely

5、等否定词或有否定意义的词语时，一般引起部分倒装.Nolongeraretheystayingwithus.Nosoonerhadhearrivedtherethanhefellill.UndernocircumstancescouldIagreetosuchaprinciple.表示位置或方向的副词提前，谓语动词为go,come等表示位宜转移的动作动词而主语又较长时，通常用全部倒装：Therewasasuddengustofwindandawaywenthishat・ThedoorburstopenandIrushedthecrow

6、d・Therecomesthebus!Nowcomesyourturn.1.如果主语是代词，仍用正常语序：Therecomesyourturn.有here引起，谓语为be的句子，也要倒装：HereisChina5slargesttropicalforest.Herearesomepicture-books・2.如果主语是代词，仍用正常语序：Hereweare.Thisisthenewrailwaystation.“Givemesomepaper."“Hereyouare."2.表语和系动词提前：介词短语：Ontheotherside

7、wasnorthernXinjiang.Nearthesouthernendofthevillagewasalargepearorchard・形容词:Veryimportantinthefarmer'slifeistheradioweatherreport.Worstofallwerethehumiliationshesuffered.副词:Belowisarestaurant.Southwestofthereservoirwere2,000acresofsandywasteland.分词：HousedintheCulturalPa

8、lacearealibrary,anauditoriumandrecreationrooms.Hiddenundergroundisawealthofgold,silver,copper,leadandzink.Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedabout17.Standingbesidethetablewasaninterpreter.4句首状语若由only+副词，only+介词词组,only+状语从句构成，引起局部倒装：Onlyyesterdaydidhefindoutthathiswatchwasmissin

9、g.Onlythroughsheerluckdidhemanagetogetsometickets・Onlybecausethereweresomecancelledbookingsdidhegetsometicketsintheen