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1、Unit4ExtraterrestrialsUFOExtraterrestrialsIsaacAsimovVenusCongressTheSupremeCourtUFO(UnidentifiedFlyingObjects)ExtraterrestrialsUFOandExtraterrestrialsLife-formsthatmayhaveevolvedonotherplanets.ThereisnohardevidenceatpresentthatlifeexistsotherthanontheEarth.MostUFOshavebeensatisfactorilye
2、xplainedasbeingnaturalorman-made,andtheVikingmissionstoMars火星wereinconclusiveintestingfortheexistenceoflifeonthatplanet.Nevertheless,searcheshavebeenandarebeingmadeforsignsthatlifehasariseninotherpartsoftheuniverse.IsaacAsimov(1920-1992)IsaacAsimov(1920-1992)AsimovwasaRussian-bornAmerican
3、writerofsciencefiction.Amonghisbest-knownsciencefictionare,I,Robert(1950)andtheFoundationTrilogy(1951-1953).IsaacAsimov(1920-1992)AsimovdevelopedThreeLawsbecausehewastiredofthesciencefictionstoriesofthe1920sand1930sinwhichtherobots,likeFrankenstein’screation,turnedontheircreatorsandbecame
4、dangerousmonsters.ThebrainsofAsimov’srobotsweredesignedaroundtheThreeLaws:a)Arobotmaynotinjureahumanbeing,or,throughinaction,allowahumanbeingtocometoharm.b)ArobotmustobeytheordersgivenitbyhumanbeingsexceptwheresuchorderswouldconflictwiththeFirstLaw.c)Arobotmustprotectitsownexistenceaslong
5、assuchprotectiondoesnotconflictwiththeFirstorSecondLaw.VenusVenusVenusisalsoknownasmorningstaroreveningstar.InChinese,it’scalled太白金星.Itcanbethebrightestobjectintheskyafterthesunandmoonandfollowsanear-circularpath.AstronomersrefertoVenusastheEarth’ssisterplanet.Botharesimilarinsize,mass,de
6、nsityandvolume.However,VenusisverydifferentfromtheEarth.Ithasnooceansandissurroundedbyaheavyatmospherecomposedmainlyofcarbondioxide二氧化碳withvirtuallynowatervapor.Atthesurface,thetemperatureishigherthan400°C,whichhasmadeitahostileenvironmenttolivingthings.CongressCongressisthelaw-makingbody
7、intheUS.Congresshastwohouses,theSenate(参议院)andtheHouseofRepresentatives(众议院).ThemainjobofCongressismakinglaws.Beforeanewlawcanbecomeeffective,bothhouseshavetopassit,anditmustthenhavetheapprovalofthePresident.Inasystemofgovernmentbasedonaseriesofchecksandbalances,the
