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1、分词做状语分词主要是指现在分词和过去分词两种。分词做状语主要有以下几种形式:1.如果分词和句中的主语是主动的关系,则用现在分词形式A.如果现在分词表示的动作和谓语表示的动作或状态是同时发生的或几乎同时发生:Doingsth,sb/sth….Eg.Walkingdownthestreet,shesawabigbuilding.B.如果分词所表示的动作完成之后,谓语动词所表示的动作才发生,则现在分词需用完成形式:Havingdonesth,sb/sth…Eg.Havingalreadyseenthefilmtwice,shedidnotwanttogotothecinema.C.否定形式,在分词
2、前加NOT:Notdoingsth,sb/sth…Eg:Notknowingheraddress,wecouldnotgetintouchwithher.Nothavingdonesth,sb/sth….Eg:Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherlettertothem.2.如果分词和句中的主语是被动的关系,则用过去分词形式.A.Done….,sb/sth…Eg:Encouragedbythesesuccesses,theydecidedtoworkevenharder.B.Havingbeendone,sb/sth…Eg:Hav
3、ingbeengivenenoughattention,theflowersgrowverywellC.Notdone,sb/sth…Eg:Notfollowedbyanyspies,007feltrelieved.Nothavingbeendone,sb/sth…Eg:Nothavingbeentoldwhentostart,hecamelateAttention!!!分词做状语,要特别注意,分词所表示的必须是主语的一个动作或状态,也就是说,分词的意义上的主语必须和谓语动词的主语是一致的。试比较下面的句子:1.Walkingthroughthepark,wesawalotofpigeons
4、.----正确Walking是we的动作2.Walkingthroughthepark,thepigeonslookedverybeautiful.----错误3.Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thevillagelookslikeasmallbox.---正确。4.Seenfromthetopofthemountain,wefindthevillagelookslikeasmallbox.----错误现在分词做状语:The–ingformusedasanadverbial,whichisusedtotalkaboutactionsthathappenaroundt
5、hesametimeasthemainverb.A.IndicatingTIMEEg.FlyingovertheChannel,Allensawthewavesbelow.(Whenhewasflying…)Enteringmyhouse,Ifoundalotofbookslyingonthefloor.(AssoonasIenteredthehouse…)Note:Ifyouhavealreadydonesthbeforethemainverb,thepresentperfecthastobeused.Eg.Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfort
6、hecomingexams.(Afterwehavemade…,)Havingboughtthreetickets,Iinvitedmystudentstotheplay.(AfterIhadbought…)B.IndicatingREASONBeingillseriouslylastweek,hestayedinhospitalforaweek.(Sincehewasilllastweek….,)Notknowingwheretogo,hewanderedalongthestreets.(Sincehedidn’tknow…,)Shesentalettertoherfather,hopin
7、gtogethissupport.(…becauseshehopedtogethissupport.)C.IndicatingATTENDANTCIRCUMSTANCE(伴随)EG.1.Theroosterpeckedattheglitteringstone,thinkingthatitmightbeusefultosomeoneelse.2.Blackieranovertothewindow,barking