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1、K-对策者K-strategistisn维超体积资源空间rvdimensionalhyper-volumen维生态位dimensionalnicheRaunkiaer定律LawofFrequency对策者r-strategistis奥陶纪Ordovicianperiod白垩土草地chalkgrassland斑块patch斑块性patchiness斑块性种群patchypopulation半荒漠semi-desert半矩阵或星系图constellationdiagrams伴生乖申companionspecies饱和密度saturationdensity饱和期asymptoticpha

2、se保护哲学conservationphilosophy北方针叶林northernconiferforest被动取样假说passivesamplinghypothesis本能instinct本能行为instinctivebehavior避敌avoidingpredator边缘效应edgeeffect变异性variability标志重捕法markrecapturemethods标准频度图解frequencydiagram表现型适应phenotypicadaptation并行的simultaneous并行同源paralogy捕食predation不重叠的non・overlapping残

3、存斑块remnantpatch残余廊道remnantcorridor操作性条件作用operantconditioning草原生态系统grasslandsystem层次性结构hierachicalstructure产卵和取食促进齐IIovipositionandfeedingstimulant产业生态学industryecology长日照植物longdayplant超体积牛态位hyper—volumeniche成本外摊externalizedcost程序化死亡programmedcelldeath尺度效应scalingeffect抽彩式竞争competivelottery臭氧层破坏o

4、zonelayerdestruction岀生率natality或birthrate初级生产primaryproduction初级生产力primaryproductivity初级牛产者primaryproducer传感器sensor串行的serial垂直结构verticalstructure春化vernalization次级生产secondaryproduction次级生产力secondaryproductivity次生演替secondarysuccessor!粗密度crudedensity存活曲线survivalcurve存活值survivalvalue存在度presence搭载效

5、应hitchhikingeffect大陆—岛屿型复合种群mainland-islandmetapopulation带状廊道stripcorridor单联singlelinkage单体生物unitaryorganism单位努力捕获量catchperuniteffort单元的monothetic淡水生态系统freshwaterecosystem氮循环nitrogencycling等级（系统）理论hierarchytheory等级的hierarchical底内动物infauna底栖动物benthos地表火surfacefire地带性生物群落biome地理信息系统geographicinf

6、ormationsystem地面芽植物hemicryptophytes地上芽植物chamaephytes地植物学geobotany第三纪Tetiaryperiod第四纪Quaternaryperiod点突变genicmutation或pointmutation电荷耦合器chargecoupleddevice,CCD顶极阶段climaxstage顶极群落climaxcommunity顶极不中climaxspecies动态率模型dynamicpoolmodel动态平衡理论dynamicequilibriumtheory动态牛命表dynamiclifetable动物痕迹的计数counts

7、ofanimalsigns动物计数countsofanimals冻原tundra短日照植物shortdayplant断层gaps多波段光谱扫描仪multichannelspectrumscanner,MSS多度abundanee多样化variety多元的polythetic厄尔尼诺ElNino反馈feedback反射reflex泛化种generalist防卫行为defenncebehavior访花昆虫flowervisitor非等级的non-hierarchical非