【精品】计算机专业英语

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1、SpecialtermsVacuumtubesTransistorIC(integratedcircuit)LSI/VLSI(largescaleintcgi*ation/vcrlargescaleintegration)ENIAC(electronicnumericalintegratorandcomputer)EDSAC(electronicdelaystorageautomaticcomputer)BINAC(binaryautomaticcomputer)UNIVAC(universalautomaticcomputer)SupercomputerMainf

2、rameMedium-sizedcomputerMinicomputerMicrocomputerIBMDEC(digitalequipmentcorporation)COBOL(commonbusinessorientedlanguage)HP(HewlettPackard)MultiprogrammingVirtualmemoryKilobyteMegabyteGigabyteTerabytePetabyteFlopsMicroprocessorBandwidthArchitecture?•CPU(centralprocessingunit)Memorysubs

3、ystemI/OsubsystemEmbeddedcontrollerBusAddressbusDatabusControlbusI/OdeviceInstructioncycleInstructioncodeSystemclockSynchronizeClockcycleDecodeEncodeBidirectionUnidirectionMicroprocessorPortMapHierarchyRegisterTemporatystorageregisterProgramcounterFlagregisteroperandInstructionsetarchi

4、tectureALU(arithmeticlogicunit)InstructionpipelineROMRAMHigh-orderinterleavingLow-orderinterleavingIntegerFloatingpointnumberCharacterstringBufferCachememoryTri-statedBigendianLittleendianThemostsignificantbyteDimensionRISC(reducedinstructionsetcomputer)CISC(Complexinstructionsetcomput

5、er)InterfacecircuitryInterruptDMA(Directmemoryaccess)3.DigitWeightPowerDecimalHexadecimalOctalBinaryWholenumberpartFractionpartNumeratorDenominatorBCH(binarycodedhexadecimal)RadixComplementNegativedataRadixcomplementRadix-1complementSetSubsetEmptysetUniversalsetFinitesetInfinitesetUnio

6、nIntersectioncomplementationNegationAdditionMultiplicationxnBooleanAlgebraSetalgebra4.DatastructureLinkedlistStackQueueBinarytreeHashtableHeapGraphContext-freeEfficiencyAbstractionReusabilityThetopofthestackThebaseofthestackPushPopBacktrackingLIFO(LastinfirstoutStackpointerThehead(fron

7、t)ofthequeueThetail(rear)ofthequeueHead(front)pointerTail(rear)pointerCircularqueue5.ResourceallocationUserinterfacePartitioningofresourcesAllocationfromapoolResourcetableResourcepreemptionSequentialsharingConcurrentsharingCPUschedulingMemorymanagementProcessmanagementProgramJobProce