土木工程专业毕业论文外文翻译--盾构

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1、XIAMENUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译院系：土木工程与建筑系年级专业：08级土木工程姓名：学号：0809022210附件：SHIELDS指导老师评语：指导教师签名：年月日SHIELDS[Abstract]Atunnelshieldisastructuralsystem,usedduringthefaceexcavationprocess・Thepapermainlydiscussestheformandthestructureoftheshield.Propulsionforthes

2、hieldisprovidedbyaseriesofhydraulicjacksinstalledinthetailoftheshieldandtheshieldiswidespreadusedintheundergroundenvironmentwherecannotbeinlongtimestable.Themainenemyoftheshieldisgroundpressure.Non-uniformgroundpressurecausedbythesteeringmayactontheskintendstoforceth

3、eshieldofflineandgrade.Andworkingdecksinsidetheshieldenabletheminerstoexcavatetheface,drillandloadholes.IKeywords]shieldhydraulicjacksgroundpressuresteeringworkingdecksAtunnelshieldisastructuralsystem,normallyconstructedofsteel,usedduringthefaceexcavationprocess.Thes

4、hieldhasanoutsideconfigurationwhichmatchesthetunnel.Theshieldprovidesprotectionforthemenandequipmentandalsofurnishedinitialgroundsupportuntilstructuralsupportscanbeinstalledwithinthetailsectionoftheshield.Theshieldalsoprovidesareactionbaseforthebreast-boardsystemused

5、tocontrolfacemovement.Theshieldmayhaveeitheranopenorclosedbottom.Inaclosed-bottomshield,theshieldstructureandskinprovide360-degreegroundcontactandtheweightoftheshieldrestsupontheinvertsectionoftheshieldskin・Theopenshieldhasnobottomsectionandrequiressomeadditionalprov

6、isionisapairofsidedriftsdriveninadvanceofshieldexcavation.Railsorskidtracksareinstalledwithinthesesidedriftstoprovidebearingsupportfortheshield.Shieldlengthgenerallyvariesfrom1/2to3/4ofthetunneldiameter.Thefrontoftheshieldisgenerallyhoodedtosothatthetopoftheshieldpro

7、trudesforwardfurtherthantheinvertportionwhichprovidesadditionalprotectionforthemenworkingatthefaceandalsoeasepressureonthebreast-boards•Thesteelskinoftheshieldmayvaryfrom1.3to10cminthickness,dependingontheexpectedgroundpressures.Thetypeofsteelusedintheshieldisthesubj

8、ectofmanyargumentswithinthetunnelingfraternity.SomeprefermildsteelintheA36categorybecauseofitsductilityandcaseofweldingintheundergr