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1、机械专业英语翻译软件2011-02-01机械专业英语翻译软件问:MechanicalPropertiesofMetalsMechanicalpropertiesarethecharacteristicresponsesofamaterialtoappliedforces.Knowledgeofmechanicalpropertiesofmaterialsisessentialinordertoconstructamechanicallysoundstructuresuchasabridgeontheriver.Mechanicalpropertiescan
2、bedeterminedbyconductingexperimentaltestsonthematerialsamples.Someimportantmechanicalpropertiesofmaterialsare：strength(intension,compression,shear,bendingandtorsion),stiffness(strength),ductility,impactstrength,hardnessandtoughness.1.StrengthTheStrengthofamaterialmaybedefinedasthe
3、abilityofthematerialtosustainloadswithoutunduedistortionorfailure.Materialshouldbeadequatelystrongwhensubjectedtotension,compression,shear,bendingortorsionaspertheintendeduse.Forexample,thecrankshaftofanautomobileshouldhavesufficienttorsionstrength.2.StiffnessStiffnessistheability
4、ofamaterialorshapetoresistelasticdeflection.Foridenticalshapes,thestiffnessisproportionaltothemodulusofelasticity.Amaterialwhichdeformslessunderagivenloadisstifferthanonewhichdeformsmore.3.DuctilityDuctilityreferstothecapacityofamaterialtoundergodeformationundertensionwithoutruptu
5、reasinawiredrawingoperation.4.ImpactStrengthimpactstrengthisthestrengthofamaterialwhensubjectedtohighratesofloading,usuallyinbending,tensionortorsion.TheamountofenergyrequiredtofracturethematerialbyasingleblowismeasuredbymeansofaCharpyimpacttest.5.HardnessHardnessistheresistanceof
6、amaterialtoplasticdeformationusuallybyindentation.However,thetermmayrefertostiffnessorrefertoresistancetoscratching.abrasionorcutting.Tests,suchasVickers,BnellandRockwell.aregenerallyemployedtomeasurehardness.6.ToughnessToughnessreferstotheabilityofamaterialtowithstandbendingorthe
7、applicationofshearstresseswithoutfracture.Bythisdefinition,copperisextremelytoughbutcastironisnot-MaterialsSustainLoadsOnTensionMaterialsSustainLoadsOnShearMaterialsSustainLoadsonbendingMaterialsSustainLoadsontorsion答：MechanicalPropertiesofMetals金属的力学性质Mechanicalpropertiesarethech
8、aracteristicresponsesofamaterialt
