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1、外文原文:MechanicaldesigntheoryThemechanicaldesignisaapplicationtechnicalsciencethroughdesignthenewproductorimprovestheoldproducttomeetthehumanneed.Itinvolvesalldomainoftheprojecttechnology,mainlyresearchsizeoftheproduct,basicideaoftheshapeandthedetailedstrueture,alsoresearchq
2、uestionofmanufacturc,saleanduseoftheproductinallaspects.Theyusuallycalleddesignerormechanicaldesignengineerwhocarriesoneachkindofmechanicaldesignwork.Themechanicaldesignisacreativework.Designengineernotonlyhavethecreativityinthework,butalsohavethedeepelementaryknowledgeonm
3、echanicaldrawing,kinematics,engineeringmaterial,materialsmechanicsandmachinemanufacturetechnology.Assaysabove,thegoalofmechanicaldesignistheproductioncanmeetthehumanneed.Theinvention,thediscoveryandtechnicalknowledgeitselfccrtainlynotncccssadycanbringtheadvanteigctothehuma
4、nity,onlywhentheyareappliedontheproductcanproducethebenefit.Thus,weshouldrealizewhetherpeopledoneedthiskindofproductbeforecarryonthedesigninaspecificproduct.Themechanicaldesignmustregardasagoodopportunityforthemechanicaldesignertousecrcativcabilitycarriesonproductdcsign,th
5、esystematicanalysisandformulatemanufacturetechnologyoftheproduct.Graspingtheprojectelementaryknowledgeismoreimportantthanmemorizingsomedataandtheformula.Merelyusingthedataandtheformulaisinsufficienttocompletelydecidealldecisioninagooddesign.Ontheotherhand,theyshouldcarryon
6、alloperationsprecisely.Forexample,evenifplaceadecimalpointinwrongposition,alsocanturnthecorrectdesigntowrong.Newdesignscanhavemanyflawsandproblemsunexpected,onlytheseflawsandthequestionhavebeensolved,cannewproduct，ssuperioritybemanifested.Therefore,asuperiorproductbornfoll
7、owedahigherriskatthesametime.Whatshouldemphasizeisthatifdesignsitselfdoesnotrequesttousethebrand-newmethod,itisnotnecessarytousethenewmethodmerelyforthegoalfortransformation.Tnthepreliminarystageofdesign,shouldallowdesignerful1ytodisplaythecreativity,notrestrainttoeachkind
8、ofrestraint.Evenifhavemanyimpracticalideasinearlytime,theycanalsobecorrectedbeforeplanblu
