山寨现象的商务研究

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1、山寨现象的商务研究【摘要】“山寨”现象是指市场经济条件下不规范的、不受政府管束的民间性、规模性、群体性模仿及创新活动的社会现象，通过模仿与创新,实现既有产品的低成本改造。“山寨”现象充斥着社会的各个领域，这其中又以制造业和文化产业最甚，引起了社会各界的广泛关注。本文运用微观经济学理论，从利润驱动和利润最大化的角度去分析“山寨”现象的社会经济动因。“山寨”产品的生产者通过低成本的模仿与创新实现了利润的最人化。【关键词】“山寨”现象；利润驱动；利润最大化1.Introduction“CopycattingPhen

2、omena"referstothenonstandardanduncontrolledcivi1ianmassivecopy~innovation.“Copycattingwiththecombinationofcopyandinnovation,achievesalow-costtransformationofexistingproducts.uCopycattingvphenomenaaremainlycharacterizedbyimitation,rapidityandpopularization.S

3、uchinnovativeimitationisimitators^innovationonthebasisofothersJsuccesses."Copycatting”manufacturersdon，tinnovateaproductorservice・Theyjustperfecttheproductorserviceandrepositionitsoastorapidlywincustomersandoccupythemarket.Thisinnovativeimitationiscalledthe

4、innovationwithouttechnologydevelopment"•Innovativeimitationstillhassomewhatoriginalitybymakinguseofothets'successessincethisinnovativeimitationismarket-orientedandcustomers-oriented・uCopycatting”phenomenainessenceareaneconomicbehaviorwhichwillinevitablybedr

5、ivenbyprofits.Thesocio-economicmotivationsof"copycatting”phenomenawillbeexploredfromtheMarxistandmicroeconomicapproach.2.Socio-economicMotivationsofuCopycattingPhenomenav2.1TheNatureofCapitalism：aMarxistApproachTheintrinsiccharacterof“copycatting"commoditie

6、s,justlikeothercommodities,liesinmakingasmanyprofitsaspossible.KarlMarxanalyzestheoperationofmacro-economyofcapitalisminhisfamousworkuCapitalthatsinglecapitalintheprofit-drivenmotiveschasessurplusvalue.Heexplicitlypointsoutthatthedutyofcapitalistsistoproduc

7、esurplusvalueunderthemosteconomicconditions(1975：6).Thedistrictswhere“copycatting”commoditiesareproducedusuallyhaveaprosperousmarkettorelyon,arelativelycentralizedindustryclanandalargenumberofmediumsizedandsmal1enterprisesparticipants.Thisisaveryeffectivemo

8、deforeconomicdevelopmenttocombinetrade,productionandinvestmenttogether.However,thismodehasaninnateflaw.Forinstance，theshareofmarketandproductionresourcescansavethesocietycosts,butinnovationcannotmaximi