国际公法原理与案例研究

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1、国际公法原理与案例研究PrinciplesandCaseStudyofPublicInternationalLaw双语教学示范课程习题及参考答案之一HunanUniversitySchoolofLawbyProfessorNie,Zilu(聂资鲁)1・Terms(1)DefactoanddejurerecognitionAnswer:Recognitiondefactoimpliesthatthereissomedoubtastothelong-termviabilityofthegovernmentinquestion.Recognitionde

2、jureusuallyfollowswheretherecognizingstateacceptsthattheeffectivecontroldisplayedbythegovernmentispermanentandfirmlyrootedandthattherearenolegalreasonsdetractingfromthis.Defactorecognitioninvolvesahesitantassessmentofthesituation,anattitudeofwaitandsee,tobesucceededbydejurerec

3、ognitionwhenthedoubtsaresufficientlyovercometoextendformalacceptance・(2)pactasuntservandaAnswer:Everytreatyinforceisbindinguponthepartiestoitandmustbeperformedbythemingoodfaith.(3)DoctrineofabsoluteimmunityAnswer:Thesovereigniscompletelyimmunefromforeignjurisdictioninallcasesr

4、egardlessofcircumstances.2・SimpleQuestions(1)Whatarethetheorieswithregardtothestatusoftheairspaceabovestatesandterritorialwaters?Answer:TherewereavarietyoftheoriespriortotheFirstWorldWarwithregardtothestatusoftheairspaceabovestatesandterritorialwaters.Oneviewwasthattheairspace

5、wasentirelyfree,anotherthattherewas,uponananalogywiththeterritorialsea,abandof"territorialair'appertainingtothestatefollowedbyahigherfreezone,athirdapproachwasthatalltheairspaceaboveastatewasentirelywithinitssovereignty,whileafourthviewmodifiedthethirdapproachbypositingarighto

6、finnocentpassagethroughtheairspaceforforeigncivilaircraft.However,theoutbreakoftheFirstWorldWar,withitsrecognitionofthesecurityimplicationsofuseoftheair,changedthis.Theapproachthatthenprevailed,withlittledissension,wasbasedupontheextensionofstatesovereigntyupwardsintoairspace・

7、Thiswasacceptablebothfromthedefensepointofviewandinthelightofevolvingstatepracticeregulatingflightsovernationalterritory.(2)WhatisthescopeofprotectionundertheGenevaConventionssystem?Answer:Therulesofinternationalhumanitarianlawseektoextendprotectiontoawiderangeofpersons・Thebas

8、icdistinctiondrawnhasbeenbetweencombatantsandthosewhoarenotin