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时间:2019-11-22
《改进蚁群算法优化周期性车辆路径问题》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、第23卷第5期运筹与管理Vol.23,No.52014年10月OPERATIONSRESEARCHANDMANAGEMENTSCIENCEOct.2014改进蚁群算法优化周期性车辆路径问题11112蔡婉君,王晨宇,于滨,杨忠振,姚宝珍(1.大连海事大学交通运输管理学院,辽宁大连116026;2.大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116024)摘要:周期性车辆路径问题(PVRP)是标准车辆路径问题(VRP)的扩展,PVRP将配送期由单一配送期延伸到T(T>1)期,因此,PVRP需要优化每个配送期的顾客组合和配送路径。由于PVRP是一
2、个内嵌VRP的问题,其比标准VRP问题更加复杂,难于求解。本文采用蚁群算法对PVRP进行求解,并提出采用两种改进措施———多维信息素的运用和基于扫描法的局部优化方法来提高算法的性能。最后,通过9个经典PVRP算例对该算法进行了数据实验,结果表明本文提出的改进蚁群算法求解PVRP问题是可行有效的,同时也表明两种改进措施可以显著提高算法的性能。关键词:周期性车辆路径问题;蚁群算法;多维信息素;扫描法中图分类号:TP18文章标识码:A文章编号:1007-3221(2014)05-0070-08ImprovedAntColonyAlgor
3、ithmforPeriodVehicleRoutingProblem11112CAIWan-jun,WANGChen-yu,YUBin,YANGZhong-zhen,YAOBao-zhen(1.TransportationManagementCollege,DalianMaritimeUniversity,Dalian116026,P.R.China;2.SchoolofAutomotiveEngineering,DalianUniversityofTechnology,Dalian116024,P.R.China)Abstrac
4、t:PeriodVehicleRoutingProblem(PVRP)isageneralizedclassicvehicleroutingproblem(VRP),inwhichtheplanningperiodisextendedtoat-dayperiod.Therefore,customgroupandrouteshouldbeoptimizedeverydayinPVRP.EmbeddedinVRP,PVRPistoocomplicatedtobesolved.Asmanyrouteoperationsareformul
5、atedinacertainperiod,PVRPisverypopularinpractice.Inrecentyears,distributioncentershavepaidmuchattentiontotheproblemofvehicledeliverywiththegrowingfuelcostandfiercesupplychaincompetition.Especiallyinsomesituations,vehicleshavetoservesomefixedcustomersinagivenperiod,and
6、besides,theservicetimesofeachcustomeraresettledinadvance.Optimizationoftherepetitiveoperationswillsignificantlysavecost.Manyresearcheshaveshownthattheheuristicmethodbasedonthesimulationofbiologicalisverysuitableforsolvinglarge-scalecombinatorialoptimizationproblem.Ant
7、colonyoptimization(ACO)isfoundedonthebehaviorofantcolonyforaginginnature,whichhasbeenprovedtobefeasibilityforsolvingVRPproblemsinlotsofresearch.Therefore,thispaperpresentsanimprovedantcolonyoptimization(IACO),inwhichamulti-dimensionpheromonematrixandalocaloptimization
8、strategybasedonscanningmethodareintroduced.TotestthetwostrategiesforIACO,thispaperdesignsfourgroupsofcontrasttests,inwhichAC
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