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1、液体地膜覆盖棉花高产机理研究杨青华，韩锦峰，贺德先，刘华山(河南农业大学农学院，郑州450()02)摘要：【目的】针对塑料地膜“白色污染”日益严重的现实，探讨液体地膜取代塑料地膜覆盖棉田的理论依据。【方法】试验采取液体地膜75.0kg-ha-1(T1).112.5kg-ha"1(T2).150.0kg-ha_,(T3).187.5kg-ha'1(T4),塑料地膜(PF)及不覆盖(CK)3种覆盖方式，测定对土壤物理性状、棉花生理特性与产量及其构成因素的效应，并进行比较分析。【结果】液体地膜覆盖对土壤物理性状和棉花产量彫响明显.与靂地对照相比，覆盖棉花产量差异达到极显著水平。其
2、中，塑料地膜覆盖棉花产量最髙，增产率为34.0%;液体地膜处理(112.5kg-ha'1)次之，增产率为21.7%.液体地膜覆盖提高土壤温度和含水量，降低土壤容重；增强根系活力；改善叶片光化学特性；提高棉铃蔗糖转化酶活性；成铃时空分布合理，优质铃数增加，铃重提高。【结论】在棉花生产中，釆用液体地膜覆盖栽培是一项可行的技术。关键词：棉花；液体地膜；塑料地膜；覆盖；高产；机理StudyonHigh-YieldingMechanismofLiquidFilmMulchingonCottonYANGQing-hua,HANJin-feng,HEDe-xian,LIUHua-shan
3、(CollegeofAgronomy,HenanAgricidturalUniversity,Zhengzhou450002)Abstract：[Objective]Long-termapplicationofplasticfilmhasresultedinaseriousproblem,WhitePollution,incottonproduction.Inthisstudy,theeffectsofliquidfilmmulchingonsoilphysicalcharactersandcottonyieldcomponentswerestudiedwithtwoobj
4、ectives:(1)toinvestigatethehigh-yieldmechanismofliquidfilmmulchedcotton;and(2)toprovideatheoreticalbasisforapplicationofliquidfilmincottonproductionpractice.[Method]Thetreatmentsincluded:Tl-75.0kg-haT2・112.5kg-haT3-150.0kghaT4・187.5kg-ha'1liquidfilm,plasticfilmandCK(openfieldwithnoliqui
5、dfilmused).Soilphysicalcharacters,physiologicalactivityofcottonplantsandcottonyieldcomponentswereinvestigated・Effectsofdifferenttreatmentswerecomparativlyanalyzed.[Result]Theexperimentalresultsshowedthattheeffectsoftheplasticfilmonyieldanditscomponentswerethehighest,andT2,112.5kgha-1liquid
6、filmwasthesecondamongallthetreatments.Therateofincreaseinyieldwas34.0%and21.7%,respective!y.Reasonsforthehighyieldwerethatliquid-filmmulchingincreasedsoiltemperatureandmoisture,decreasedsoilbulkweight,enhancedrootvigorandactivityofsucroseinvertaseincottonbolls,andimprovedleafphotochemicalc
7、apacity・Furthermore,amorereasonabletemporalandspatialbollsetting,morehigh-qualitybolls,andhigherbollweightwereobserved・Inaddition,liquid-filmalsohadthefollowingadvantages:easytouse,lowcost,biologicallydegradable,andnoenvironmentalpollution.【Conclusion]Basedupo
