第40讲 阅读理解(二)

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1、第40讲　阅读理解(二)英语阅读理解。(2014，重庆)RachelCarsonwasbornintheUSAonMay，1907.Hermother，MariaCarson，hadbeenaschoolteacher.Shealsolovednature.SheshowedRachelthebeautyofnature.ShealsotaughtRacheladeeploveforbooks.Asaquietchild，Rachellikedtoreadandwritestories.Ataveryearlyage，shedecidedshewantedto

2、beawritersomeday.Herstoryfirstappearedinachildren'smagazinewhenshewastenyearsold.Herfirstbook，UndertheSeaWindcameoutin1941.In1948，MissCarsonbeganworkingonanotherbook，TheSeaAroundUs.Shealwaysrememberedcarefullywhenshewrote.ShecollectedinformationfrommorethanonethousandplacestowriteTh

3、eSeaAroundUs.Whenthebookcameoutin1951，itwontheNationalBookAward.ItwasNo.1onthebestsellerlistformorethanayear.TheSeaAroundUsmadeRachelCarsonfamous.RachelCarson'smostfamousbook，SilentSpringcameoutin1962.Inthisbook，shepointedoutthattheuseofsomekindsofpesticides(杀虫剂)likeDDTwouldcausethe

4、numberofbirdstodeclinebecauseitwouldkillthemaswell.Finally，inNovember1969，theUnitedSatesgovernmentdecidedthattheuseofDDTmuststopintwoyears.RachelCarsonhasbeenregardedasagreatenvironmentalist(环保主义者)andwriter.Shewillberememberedbytheworld.1．RachelCarsonhadadeeplovefornatureandbooksbec

5、auseof__B__．A．herfatherB．hermotherC．herschoolteacherD．herbrother2．Racheldecidedthatshewantedtobeawriterwhen__A__．A．shewasveryyoungB．shewasincollegeC．shebecameateacherD．shebecamefamous3．TheChinesemeaningoftheword“decline”inthispassageisprobably“__B__”．A．增加B．减少C．维持D．翻番4．Whichofthefoll

6、owingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage？__D__A．RachelCarsonwasacarefulandseriouswriter.B．TheSeaAroundUswontheNationalBookAward.C．InSilentSpringRachelsaidsomepesticideswerebadfortheenvironment.D．TheuseofDDTwasstoppedassoonasthebookSilentSpringcameout.(三)推理判断题推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论的题型，主要考查学生的理解力

7、和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。(四)猜测词义题猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义的能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。【例2】(2014，宜宾)WhenyouhearWe

8、sterners(西方人)say“Dr