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1、Module4SandstormsinAsiaModule4GrammarInfinitive1.不定式的用法2.不定式的时态与语态1.Tomasteraforeignlanguageis necessaryforacollegestudent.2.Itisgoodmannerstohelppeopleintrouble.1.作主语Yourjobistowashdishes.AllIdidwas(to)givehimsomeadvice.2.作表语当作表语的不定式解释主语中do的意义时，to可以省略。Shepromisedtogivehimachance.3.作宾语agree,d
2、emand,ask,decide,expect,hope,want,offer,plan,pretend,promise,afford,prepare,refuse,manage,fail,dare,fear,swear等动词后面均可直接跟不定式作宾语。少数介词后面可跟不定式作宾语1.Ithasnochoicebuttoliedownandsleep.2.Theydidn’topentheirmouthsexcepttocomplain.当句子中的主动词为do时,but,except后的动词不定式省去to;can’tbut,can’tchoosebut,can’thelpbut,
3、donothingbut,ratherthan,hadbetter之后省略to.Hedoesnothingbutplayallday.Atthenewsshedidn’tsayanythingbuttocry.Hecan’tchoosebutdoit.There’snothingtodoexcept/butwaittillitstopsraining.4.作宾语补足语Theteachertoldhisstudentstopaymoreattentiontotheirpronunciation.Iwouldliketheproblemtobediscussedatthenextme
4、eting.A.ask,tell,order,command,beg,get,request,require,invite,force,permit,cause,forbid,allow,wish,want,expect,encourage,advise,persuade,warn,wouldlike等动词可以接带to的不定式作宾补。B.think,consider,believe,suppose,know,feel,find,understand等动词后常接tobe+adj.作宾补。Weallknowhimtobeagoodplayer.Thefluisbelieved____
5、_byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.(04sh)A.causingB.beingC.tobecausedD.tohavecausedCC.不定式作补语，可根据需要在前加how,where,when,what等疑问词。Couldyoutellmehowtorepairthemachine?Noonetoldmewheretofindhim.Pleaseshowuswhattodowiththesesentencepatterns.D.see,hear,watch,feel,notice
6、,let,make,have等后跟不定式作宾补时,不加to,help后可加可不加.Ineverletmychildstayinthehouseallday.Havehimcomein,please.Iheardhersaythatshe’dliketogototheconcert.5.作主语补足语Iwasaskedtohelphimwithhislessons.主语补足语就是主动语态中的宾语补足语Shewasseentogooutaminuteago.Hewasmadetogiveupdrinking.Hewasheardpractisingsingingasongthistim
7、eyesterday.6.作后置定语Shewasthefirstgirltoworkouttheproblem.(主谓关系)Hehasanimportantmeetingtoattend.(动宾关系)Hekeepshispromisetowritetousregularly.(同位关系)不定式作宾语，动词如果不是及物动词，后面应加必要的介词Theiceistoothinforustowalkon.IhiredaroomtoliveinwhenintheUS.7.作目的状语，to可
