Chemistry_in_21st_Century二十一世纪的化学

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1、Chemistryin21stCenturyNationalCentreforCatalysisResearchINDIANINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGYMADRASAPRIL2010CoverageandReasonsTitlePeriodicpropertiesofelementsNomenclatureandisomerismofcoordinationcompoundsNuclearreactionsandcarbondatingTypesofhybridizationandgeometryofmoleculesChemicalequil

2、ibrium–LeChatliersprincipleColloidsandapplicationsFaradayslawsandKohlrausch’slawExtractionofMetalsSpontaneousandnonspontaneousreactionsCorrosionanditspreventionPropertiesandpackinginsolidsWaveequationanditssignificancePetroleumandPetrochemicalsBondinginmoleculesConventionalconcepts

3、ofbondinghastoundergochange–Why?Behaviourofmoleculesandreactivityofmolecules–whatissospecialselectivity?Geometryofthemolecules,manifestationsofmolecules–functioningofmolecules.Architectureinsolids–transportrestrictionsElectrochemistryturnschemistrytobefullygreenBehaviourofelectrons

4、–responsibleforthesciencethatisusuallygeneratedNuclearstructure–evolutionperiodandalsoenergyconversionprocess20thCenturyChemistryItwasasilentrevolutionAmmoniasynthesisprovidedameansforfoodFCCoperationbroughtengineeringmarvelZeolitesandsolidstatematerials–revolutionizedelectronicind

5、ustrySuperconductors–energyconceptchangedcoloursWaterwillitbeanotherwondermoleculethiscenturyWEAKINTERACTIONSAssemblyappearstobetheorderthesedays–theseassemblycanariseoutofweakinteractionsWeakinteractionsmaybehydrogenbonding,vanderwaalsforcesandsimpleoverlapoftheleastamountofcharge

6、cloud.Assemblyassumesparticulargeometries,likehelicalstructure,nano-coils,nano-twistedwiresandmanyothers–theseresemblethebio-moleculesWhatisGreenChemistry?Itisbettertopreventwastethantoclearitupafterwards%Atomeconomyisthenew%yieldThestrivetowardstheperfectsynthesisBenignbydesignEnv

7、ironmentallyfriendlyandeconomicallysound?!?TheTwelvePrinciplesofGreenChemistry•Itisbettertopreventwastethantotreatorcleanupwasteafteritisformed.•Syntheticmethodsshouldbedesignedtomaximizetheincorporationofallmaterialsusedintheprocessintothefinalproduct•Whereverpracticable,synthetic

8、methodologiesshouldbedesig